有追索权保理中保理人权利实现的风险及防范  

RISK AND PREVENTION OF THE REALIZATION OF THE RIGHTS OF FACTORORS WITH RECOURSE

作　　者：陈圣利 范官钰 CHEN Sheng-li;FAN Guan-yu(School of Culture,Media and Law,Fujian Normal University of Technology,Fuzhou 350300,China;School of Intellectual Property,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]福建技术师范学院文化传媒与法律学院,福建福州350300 [2]南京理工大学知识产权学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《南阳理工学院学报》2023年第3期28-35,60,共9页Journal of Nanyang Institute of Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(30919013238);四川医事卫生法治研究中心2019年度课题(YF19-L03);四川医事卫生法治研究中心2020年度课题(YF20-Q22)。

摘　　要：2020年保理合同首次作为典型合同被写进《民法典》,这为规范保理合同当事人的权利和义务提供了法律依据。有追索权保理是实践中被使用较多的保理合同,此情形下的保理人权利内容、权利实现风险以及风险防范备受关注。第一,保理人享有应收账款受让权,保理合同成立并生效时,其即享有此权利。该权利实现存在主体适格、债权可让与性、债权权利瑕疵等风险需要有针对性防范。第二,保理人享有融资提供选择权,其可以基于自身业务情况和债权人信用状况等有选择地提供预付款融资。该权利实现存在债权人信用恶化风险需要防范。第三,保理人享有应收账款求偿权,其有权向应收账款债务人主张清偿。该权利实现存在债务人无法清偿、债务人利用抗辩权欺诈等风险需要防范。第四,保理人享有融资款项追索权,其有权向应收账款债权人提出追索。该权利实现存在债权人无法偿还的风险需要防范。In 2020,the factoring contract was written into the Civil Code as a typical contract for the first time,which provides a legal basis for regulating the rights and obligations of the parties to the factoring contract.Recourse factoring is a factoring contract that is widely used in practice.In this case,the content of the right,the risk of right realization and the risk prevention of the factoring are concerned.First,the factoring agent enjoys the right to assign accounts receivable,which is enjoyed when the factoring contract is established and takes effect.There are risks in the realization of this right,such as the eligibility of the subject,the transferability of the creditor′s rights,and the defects of the creditor′s rights,which need to be targeted.Second,the factoring party has the right to provide financing options.The factoring agent can selectively provide advance payment financing based on its own business situation and the credit status of creditors.The realization of this right has the risk of creditor credit deterioration,which needs to be prevented.Third,the factoring party has the right of claim for accounts receivable.The factoring agent has the right to claim repayment from the debtor of accounts receivable.The realization of this right involves risks such as the debtor′s inability to pay off and the debtor′s use of the right of defense to defraud.Fourth,the factoring agent has the right of recourse for financing funds.The factoring agent has the right of recourse against the creditors of accounts receivable.The realization of this right has the risk that the creditor cannot repay,which needs to be prevented.

关 键 词：保理合同 应收账款 保理人 追索权 

分 类 号：D20[政治法律—政治学]