基于“三水”的南渡江流域生态补偿资金分配方法  

Allocation method of ecological compensation fund in Nandu River Basin based on concept of“water environment,water resources and water ecology”

作　　者：王敏英[1] 郭庆 谢婧 文一惠 王晨野[1] WANG Minying;GUO Qing;XIE Jing;WEN Yihui;WANG Chenye(Hainan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;Institute of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou 570208,China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省环境科学研究院,海南海口571126 [2]海南大学生态与环境学院,海南海口570208 [3]生态环境部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第6期60-65,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目基金资助项目(2019RC354);2022年海南省哲学社会科学项目“基于政策效益最大化的海南省流域生态补偿机制研究”(HNSK(YB)22-29);国家重点研发计划项目“美丽中国生态建设的评估方法”(2019YFC0507803)。

摘　　要：科学分配生态补偿资金是实现生态补偿政策目标的关键环节。通过研究海南省南渡江流域生态补偿政策实践情况,针对流域内补偿范围覆盖不全、市县间权责不清等问题,以全流域视角统筹考虑水资源保护与利用、水环境质量改善、水生态安全保障的“三水”成效,设立水环境水质指数、水资源利用指数、水生态服务指数,综合考虑流域内各市县生态区位差异,提出基于“三水”的生态补偿资金分配方法。研究成果体现了流域保护多目标协同的系统性、生态补偿资金分配权责对等的科学性、公平性,可为优化流域生态补偿方法提供支撑。The scientific distribution of ecological compensation funds is the key link to achieve the objectives of ecological compensation policy.In this paper,by studying the practice of ecological compensation policy in the Nandu River Basin,Hainan Province,aiming at issues such as incomplete coverage of compensation within the basin and unclear rights and responsibilities between upper and lower governments,an overall consideration was conducted in terms of the effects of water resources protection and utilization,water environment quality improvement and water ecological security guarantee from the perspective of the whole basin,and water environment quality,water resource utilization and water ecological service indexes were systematically proposed.On the basis of comprehensively considering the difference in ecological location between cities in the basin,the regional compensation coefficient was set,and a distribution method of the ecological compensation funds based on water environment,water resources,and water ecology was innovatively proposed,which reflected the systematicity of multi-objective coordination in basin protection and the scientificity and fairness of ecological compensation funds distribution with equal rights and responsibilities.The results can provide support for the optimization of the river basin ecological compensation method.

关 键 词：流域生态补偿 水资源 水环境 水生态 南渡江 海南省 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X196