黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数的季节及年龄变化规律  

Seasonal and Age Variation of Reproductive Parameters of Apodemus agrarius Population

作　　者：杨高乾 YANG Gaoqian(Bozhou District Planting Industry Development Service Center,Bozhou Guizhou 563100)

机构地区：[1]播州区种植业发展服务中心,贵州播州563100

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2023年第9期123-126,156,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：遵义市首批市级人才基地建设项目(遵委[2019]69号);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合人才[2015]4019号)。

摘　　要：黑线姬鼠是播州区农田害鼠的优势种群,研究其种群繁殖参数的季节及年龄变化规律,对于提高种群预报准确率和及时开展防控工作具有重要的指导意义。本研究对贵州省播州区于2016—2022年采用夹捕法捕获的1040只黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数的季节和年龄变化情况进行了统计分析,结果表明,种群性比平均为0.85,怀孕率平均为25.05%,胎仔数平均为5.90只,睾丸下降率平均为91.44%,繁殖指数平均为0.68。年度间种群繁殖参数均有一定差异。不同月份性比、平均胎仔数有一定变化,怀孕率、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数均在3—5月、9月、11月出现3个高峰期。不同季节种群繁殖参数怀孕率、繁殖指数出现春季、秋季2个高峰期;不同年龄组种群繁殖参数年龄变化明显,种群性比幼年组最高,老年组最低,种群性比随着种群年龄的增长逐渐降低,其怀孕率、胎仔数、睾丸下降率和繁殖指数随着种群年龄的增长而增加,种群繁殖的主体是成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组和老年组。Apodemus agrarius is the dominant population of farmland rodents in Bozhou District.It is of great guiding significance to study the seasonal and age changes of its population reproductive parameters for improving the accuracy of population prediction and carrying out prevention and control work in time.The seasonal and age changes of reproductive parameters of 1,040 A.agrarius populations captured by trapping method from 2016 to 2022 in Bozhou District of Guizhou Province were statistically analyzed.The results showed that the average population sex ratio was 0.85,the average pregnancy rate was 25.05%,the average litter size was 5.90,the average testicular decline rate was 91.44%,and the average reproductive index was 0.68.There are some differences in population reproductive parameters between years.The sex ratio and the average number of fetuses changed in different months,and the pregnancy rate,testicular decline rate and reproductive index all showed three peaks in March-May,September and November.The reproductive parameters of population in different seasons,pregnancy rate and reproductive index,appeared two peak periods in spring and autumn;the reproductive parameters of different age groups change obviously with age,and the population is the highest than that of the young group and the lowest in the old group.The population ratio gradually decreases with the increase of population age,and its pregnancy rate,litter size,testicular decline rate and reproductive index increase with the increase of population age.The main population reproduction groups are adult group Ⅰ,adult group Ⅱ and old group.

关 键 词：黑线姬鼠 繁殖参数 季节变化 年龄变化 播州区 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]