低电压对纯水/盐溶液过冷液滴冻结的影响  

The Influence of Low Voltage on the Freezing of Supercooled Droplets of Water/Salt Solution

作　　者：宋振宇 周宇思 艾立强 李润道 陈民[1] SONG Zhenyu;ZHOU Yusi;AI Liqiang;LI Rundao;CHEN Min(Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Research and Development,China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学工程力学系,北京100084 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院研究发展部,北京100076

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2023年第6期1659-1662,共4页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.11972211)。

摘　　要：本文通过实验研究了低电压下纯水/盐溶液过冷液滴的冻结现象,测量了在1 V电压下液滴在金表面的冻结温度。实验结果表明外加低电压对纯水液滴冻结的影响较小,而对0.1 mol·L^(-1)的KCl溶液液滴的冻结影响较明显。当金表面电势高时,盐溶液滴平均冻结温度上升,反之平均冻结温度下降。基于双电层假设,认为在低电压下纯水中双电层内电场强度低,对形核率的影响相对较小。盐溶液中的离子与电极表面形成的双电层内电场强度比纯水更高,对形核有更明显的影响;当外加电压削弱了双电层内的电场强度时,形核率下降,反之形核率上升。In this paper,the freezing of subcooled droplets at low voltage was experimentally studied,and the freezing temperature of subcooled droplets on the gold plate at 1 V voltage was measured.Results show that the applied low voltage has little effect on the freezing of supercooled water,while the freezing process of KCl solution in 0.1 mol-L^(-1) is affected by the applied low voltage more obviously.When the electric potential of the gold plate is higher,the average freezing temperature of the salt solution droplets rises,and vice versa.The electric field intensity within the electric double layer(EDL)in pure water is too low to affect the nucleation rate of water.In the salt solution,the electric field intensity in EDL is high enough to promote nucleation.When the applied voltage weakens the electric field intensity within the EDL,the nucleation rate decreases.Conversely,the nucleation rate will increase if the electric field intensity within the EDL is enhanced.

关 键 词：过冷液滴 盐溶液 双电层 冻结温度 形核率 

分 类 号：TK121[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]