型谱化高流强质子回旋加速器自主研发及创新应用  

Independent research and development and innovative applications of high-intensity proton cyclotrons toward serialization

作　　者：张天爵[1] 贾先禄[1] 宋国芳[1] 殷治国[1] 李鹏展[1] 纪彬[1] 李明[1] 侯世刚[1] 潘高峰[1] 管锋平[1] 王景峰 张贺 刘景源[1] 邢建升[1] 蔡红茹[1] Tianjue Zhang;Xianlu Jia;Guofang Song;Zhiguo Yin;Pengzhan Li;Bin Ji;Ming Li;Shigang Hou;Gaofeng Pan;Fengping Guan;Jingfeng Wang;He Zhang;Jingyuan Liu;Jiansheng Xing;Hongru Cai(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第16期2029-2036,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(10125518);国家原子能机构核能开发项目(HK.HJS1003);国家原子能机构重点成果转化项目资助。

摘　　要：回旋加速器是开展核装备研制、核科学和生命科学等前沿研究,以及核技术创新应用的关键科学手段和不可或缺的研究平台.强流回旋加速器研究团队研发了高流强紧凑型回旋加速器,创建了径向调变磁场梯度强聚焦理论,研发了多束团强流束流动力学并行计算算法和软件,突破了紧凑型回旋加速器的极限能量、显著提升了空间电荷制约下的束流强度;独创了奇偶三角形单元垫补函数的等时场和非理想谐波场垫补方法,有效提高了轴向聚焦力,解决了磁铁工程难题;突破了“馈管-腔体”耦合振荡抑制、动态负载变化均衡等关键技术,实现了长期稳定运行.团队自主研制了十余台不同能量强流回旋加速器,其流强、注入和引出效率等主要性能指标处于国际同类装置前列,在中国原子能科学研究院、中国科学院国家空间科学中心、国防科技工业抗辐照应用技术创新中心、北京大学等单位的相关研究项目中做出了重要贡献,为近百个单位常年供束开展空间科学、生命科学与核科学技术的研究,应用领域广泛.Cyclotrons are indispensable scientific equipment and platforms for cutting-edge research and are widely applied in nuclear science and life science,as well as the innovative development of nuclear technology.The difficulties and corresponding key technologies of compact high-intensity proton cyclotron research are fourfold:the insufficient axial focusing force of a compact cyclotron frustrates improvements in beam energy and beam intensity;the smelting capacity of large-scale magnets and modern manufacturing restricts magnetic field accuracy,which affects the dynamic performance of high-intensity beams;high-beam dynamic loads and coupling resonance considerably influence the stable operation of cyclotrons;and high-intensity negative hydrogen ion sources,the coupling of multiple physical fields in the narrow space of the central region,and the high-precision six-dimensional matching of beam optics in the extraction region are also great challenges for compact high-intensity cyclotrons.To solve these problems,a strong focusing theory of radially modulated magnetic field gradients was innovatively created by a cyclotron team at the China Institute of Atomic Energy(CIAE),and a parallel computing algorithm and software for multi-cluster high-intensity beam dynamics were also invented.These innovations extend the acceleration energy limit of compact cyclotrons and help increase beam intensity substantially under the restriction of space charges.A magnet shimming algorithm for isochronous fields and nonideal harmonic fields,based on the shape function of odd and even triangles,was developed to improve axial focusing effectively and solve problems in magnet engineering.Key RF technologies,such as suppression of“transmission line-resonator”system coupling oscillation and dynamic loading changes,were researched,and then a long-term operation with high stability was achieved for the entire machine.A high-intensity cyclotron prototype with strong focusing was built based on these innovations,effectively promoting the be

关 键 词：强流 紧凑型 质子 回旋加速器 

分 类 号：TL542[核科学技术—核技术及应用]