一种含锆高温合金与坩埚耐火材料的界面反应研究  

Interface Reaction Between a Zr Containing Superalloy and Crucible Refractory Material

作　　者：张凤祥 张鹏 李怡 马秀萍 刘东方 万旭杰 张华霞 ZHANG Feng-xiang;ZHANG Peng;LI Yi;MA Xiu-ping;LIU Dong-fang;WAN Xu-jie;ZHANG Hua-xia(Superalloy Casting Division,Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100095,China;Air Force of the PLA′s Resident Office in Zhuzhou,Zhuzhou 412002,China;Purchasing Department,Aecc South Industry Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412002,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司高温合金熔铸事业部,北京100095 [2]空军装备部驻株洲地区军事代表室,湖南株洲412002 [3]中国航发南方工业有限公司采购部,湖南株洲412002

出　　处：《真空》2023年第3期80-85,共6页Vacuum

基　　金：科技部重点研发项目青年科学家项目(KZ69230118);北京航空材料研究院院级基金项目(ZC00RZ2203)。

摘　　要：采用浮渣试验、扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析研究了一种含Zr高温合金与不同坩埚耐火材料的界面反应。结果表明,合金中的Zr与氧化物陶瓷坩埚发生反应生成的ZrO_(2)是合金锭中浮渣的主要来源。MgO坩埚的热力学稳定性较Al_(2)O_(3)坩埚更低,其与Zr的反应更剧烈,产生了较多的ZrO_(2)浮渣。坩埚的微观结构对界面反应同样具有重要影响。当坩埚的致密度较高、表面较光滑时,产生的ZrO_(2)附着在坩埚表面形成一层致密的ZrO_(2)层,阻止了Zr与Al_(2)O_(3)坩埚的进一步反应。而坩埚的表面较粗糙时,难以形成致密的ZrO_(2)层,产生的ZrO_(2)进入合金熔体形成浮渣。因此采用致密度高、组织细腻、表面质量好的Al_(2)O_(3)坩埚有利于降低合金熔体与坩埚耐火材料的反应,减少合金锭的污染。The interface reaction between a Zr containing superalloy and different crucible refractory materials was investigated by dross test,scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The results show that the ZrO_(2)produced by the reaction between Zr in superalloy and oxide ceramic crucible is the main source of dross in alloy ingot.The thermodynamic stability of MgO crucible is lower than that of Al_(2)O_(3)crucible,and its reaction with Zr is more intense,resulting in more ZrO_(2)dross.The microstructure of crucible also has an important influence on the interfacial reaction.When the density of the crucible is high and the surface is smooth,the generated ZrO_(2)is attached to the crucible surface to form a dense ZrO_(2)layer,which prevents the further reaction between Zr and Al_(2)O_(3)crucible.When the surface of the crucible is rough,it is difficult to form a dense ZrO_(2)layer,and the generated ZrO_(2)enters the alloy melt to form dross.Therefore,the use of Al_(2)O_(3)crucible with high density,fine structure and good surface quality is conducive to reduce the reaction between superalloy and crucible refractory,and reduce the pollution of alloy ingot.

关 键 词：高温合金 耐火材料 浮渣 界面反应 ZR 

分 类 号：TG249.5[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]