2016至2020年我国口腔医师资源配置公平性分析  

Analysis on the equity of dentist resource allocation in China

作　　者：韩敬 杨旭[1] Han Jing;Yang Xu(Office of Human Resource,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院人事处、国家口腔医学中心、国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心、口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心、口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2023年第6期584-591,共8页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

摘　　要：目的分析2016至2020年我国口腔医师资源配置的公平性,为进一步优化口腔医师资源配置提供参考。方法通过《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》和《中国统计年鉴》,分别收集2016、2018和2020年国内及国际上相关口腔医师资源的数据资料以及相关各省份人口、地区面积等数据资料,运用卫生资源集聚度(health resources agglomeration degree,HRAD)和人口集聚度(population agglomeration degree,PAD)等数值分析相关的数据。结果2010至2019年国际范围内我国每万人口口腔医师数排第46位,国内口腔医师卫生资源数量呈上升趋势,性别分布较均衡,年龄分布主要集中在25~44岁;专业技术层面中初级所占的比例可达全体人员的79.5%~83.0%。按地理面积和人口密度算出的口腔执业(助理)医师HRAD与PAD比值结果显示,东部地区省份的HRAD与PAD比值均大于1,中部和西部地区大部分省份该比值均小于1,东部地区配置过剩而中部和西部地区则不足。结论我国口腔医师资源配置仍存在一定的不公平性,国家层面要继续培养优质口腔医学人才,加大对基层和偏远地区的扶植力度;全面提高在职在岗人员能力素质和工作水平;推动和规范口腔医师多点执业,促进口腔健康人才的合理流动。Objective To analyze the equity of national stomatologist resource allocation from 2016 to 2020,providing relevantly referenced basis for further stomatologist resource allocation.Methods Collect data of domestic and international stomatologist resources in 2016,2018 and 2020,and analyze the relevant data by using the health resources agglomeration degree and population agglomeration degree.Results At present,at the international level,the number of dentists per 10000 people ranks 46th in 2010-2019.The quantity of domestic dental resources is on the rise,with a balanced gender distribution and a concentrated age distribution mainly in 25-44 years old.At the specialized technical level,the proportion of junior titles can reach 79.5%-83.0%.The ratio of resource agglomeration of dental practitioners and assistants calculated based on geographical area and population density shows that the ratio of HRAD to PAD in the eastern provinces is greater than 1,while the ratios of most provinces in the central and western regions are less than 1.The eastern regions have excessive allocations,while ones in the central and western regions are insufficient.Conclusions Unfairness still exists in the allocation of resources for dentists in China.At the national level,it is necessary to continue to cultivate high-quality stomatologists and intensify efforts to support the grass-roots and remote areas.The ability,quality and work competence of on-the-job personnel should be comprehensively improved.Multi-point practice of stomatologists should be standardized and popularized,promoting the rational flow of oral health personnel.

关 键 词：牙医师 口腔医师资源 卫生资源集聚度 人力资源 资源分配 人才培养 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]