金属管对雷电电磁波屏蔽效能的分析  

Shielding Effectiveness of Metal Tube Against Lightning Electromagnetic Waves

作　　者：李祥超[1] 赵凯[1] 郭稳 文巧丽 陈勇伟 LI Xiangchao;ZHAO Kai;GUO Wen;WEN Qiaoli;CHEN Yongwen(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Gansu Meteorological Service Center,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]甘肃省气象服务中心,兰州730020

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2023年第3期15-23,共9页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2017YFC1501505);甘肃省科学技术厅社发类项目(编号:1304FKCA070)。

摘　　要：笔者针对雷电电磁波可能造成的危害,研究金属管对雷电电磁波的屏蔽效能。理论与实验相结合,利用雷电实验冲击平台模拟8/20μs雷电电流,将电流通过连接注入金属棒在金属棒上形成雷电电磁脉冲,使用金属管作为屏蔽材料,在距离金属棒1 m~3 m处用天线耦合雷电电磁波。分析对比几组数据计算耦合得到的能量以及屏蔽效能可以得出以下结论:对耦合波形进行傅里叶分析得到,金属管内振幅最大值频率在5 kHz~10 kHz,金属管外振幅最大值频率在10 kHz~12 kHz;金属管长度增加耦合电压峰值减小,距离增加耦合电压峰值减小,金属管直径增加耦合电压峰值减小;对数据进行拟合分析得到金属管长度为1 m直径为100 mm距离为1 m时屏蔽效能为20 dB~20.5 dB。对金属管内的线缆防护具有一定的参考价值。In view of the possible harm caused by lightning electromagnetic waves,the author studies the shielding effectiveness of metal pipes against lightning electromagnetic waves.The antenna model and the theory of metal tube shielding effectiveness in the process of lightning return are studied in combination with actual experimental data.The lightning experiment impact platform is used to simulate the 8/20μs lightning current,and the current is injected into the metal rod through the connection to form the lightning electromagnetic pulse on the metal rod.The metal tube is used as the shielding material,and the antenna is used to couple the lightning electromagnetic wave at a distance of 1 m~3 m from the metal rod.Analyzing and comparing several sets of data to calculate the energy and shielding effectiveness of the coupling,the following conclusions can be drawn:Fourier analysis of the coupling waveform shows that the frequency of the maximum amplitude inside the metal tube is 5 kHz~10 kHz,and the frequency of the maximum amplitude outside the metal tube is 10 kHz~12 kHz;when the length of the metal tube increases,the peak value of the coupling voltage decreases,and the distance increases.The peak value of the coupling voltage decreases.The diameter of the metal tube increases.The peak value of the coupling voltage decreases;the data is analyzed and the metal tube length is 1 m,the diameter is 100 mm,and the distance is 1 m.The efficiency is 20 dB~20.5 dB.It has certain reference value for cable protection in metal pipes.

关 键 词：雷电电磁波 屏蔽效能 金属管 天线耦合 

分 类 号：TM86[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]