复杂的中间地带:海湾阿拉伯国家在网络安全规范之争中的立场与动因  

Complex Intermediate Zone:The Positions and Motivations of the Gulf Arab States in the Cybersecurity Norm Debate

作　　者：蔡翠红[1] 张若扬 CAI Cuihong;ZHANG Ruoyang(Center for American Studies, Fudan University;School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学美国研究中心,上海200433 [2]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,上海200433

出　　处：《阿拉伯世界研究》2023年第3期21-43,158,共24页Arab World Studies

基　　金：2020年度教育部重大课题攻关项目“积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设研究”(20JZD057)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着大国战略竞争加剧和全球政治多极化发展,海湾阿拉伯国家在全球网络安全治理格局中的地位逐渐不容忽视。本文考察了六个海湾阿拉伯国家在国际网络安全规范之争中的定位及其网络安全治理实践,认为海湾阿拉伯国家选择了一条符合中间地带利益的网络安全治理道路。在国际网络安全治理平台,海湾阿拉伯国家呈现出介于网络大国之间的混合性立场。在国内层面,海湾阿拉伯各国的制度框架为本国国家权力的行使保留了较大灵活性;在区域层面,非正式合作和次国家层面的对话协调机制正成为海湾阿拉伯国家区域网络安全合作的主要形式。对政治、文化和社会安全的考虑,地区竞争和冲突新形式的出现,经济和数字化转型催生的安全漏洞及对网络安全的巨大需求,以及国际层面的联盟关系及其变化,是影响海湾阿拉伯国家在国际网络安全规范之争中立场的重要因素。With the intensification of strategic competition among major powers and the development of global political multipolarity,the position of the Gulf Arab states in the global cybersecurity governance cannot be ignored.By examining the position of six Gulf Arab states,Saudi Arabia,Kuwait,Qatar,the UAE,Oman and Bahrain in the international cybersecurity norm debate,and their cybersecurity governance practices,this paper finds that the Gulf Arab states have chosen a path of cybersecurity governance that is in line with the interests of the intermediate zone.On the international cybersecurity governance platform,the Gulf Arab states occupy a mixed position between the two camps.At the domestic level,the Gulf Arab states' domestic policies and legal frameworks allow for greater flexibility in the exercise of state power.At the regional level,informal cooperation and sub-national dialogue and coordination mechanisms are becoming the main forms of regional cybersecurity cooperation among Gulf Arab states.Considerations of political security and cultural and social security,the emergence of new forms of regional competition and conflict,the security vulnerabilities and huge demand for cybersecurity generated by economic and digital transformation,as well as the alliance relations at the international level are important factors influencing the position of these Arab countries in the international cybersecurity norm debate.

关 键 词：海湾阿拉伯国家 网络安全 国际规范 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]