献血前饮盐水降低初次献血者血管迷走神经反应的应用效果研究  

Study on the effect of drinking salt water before blood donation on reducing vasovagal reaction in first-time blood donors

作　　者：区凯芝 何锦添[1] 林肖霞[1] 陆贻松[1] 谭结珠 张巧珍 徐诗波 OU Kai-zhi;HE Jin-tian;LIN Xiao-xia(Foshan Central Blood Station Nanhai Blood Station,Foshan 528200,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市中心血站南海血站,528200

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2023年第11期144-147,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

基　　金：2021年佛山市卫生健康局医学科研课题(项目编号:20220214),项目名称:一种简单有效降低献血者血管迷走神经反应发生率的方法的应用研究。

摘　　要：目的 探究献血前饮盐水对于降低初次献血者血管迷走神经反应(DRVR)的影响,以期为降低初次献血者血管迷走神经反应提供一种经济简便、有效的方法,也为后续研究提供借鉴参考。方法 500例初次献血者,根据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组250例。观察组献血者在献血前20 min内饮用盐水(在10 min内饮用完),对照组献血者不饮用盐水。比较两组献血者血管迷走神经反应发生率、献血满意度评分、再次献血意愿评分,并记录分析献血者发生血管迷走神经反应的原因。结果 观察组献血者血管迷走神经反应的发生率为2.0%,低于对照组的5.6%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组献血者献血满意度评分(4.5±0.3)分、再次献血意愿评分(4.0±0.5)分均高于对照组的(3.2±0.2)、(3.1±0.2)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。19例发生血管迷走神经反应的献血者中,有10例由于精神紧张或恐惧心理导致发生血管迷走神经反应,4例由于体质因素如空腹、饥饿状态及疲倦劳累导致,3例由于献血环境嘈杂或者前一天睡眠不足导致,2例由于穿刺疼痛引致血压升高导致。结论 初次献血者在献血前适当饮用一定量的盐水能够有效降低献血者发生血管迷走神经反应的几率,进而有效提升初次献血者献血满意度及再次献血意愿。饮用盐水可作为降低献血者血管迷走神经反应的一种经济简便、有效方法,更好地将初次献血者转变为固定献血者,进一步壮大固定无偿献血者队伍,确保血液供应安全充足,推动无偿献血工作的开展。同时可针对血管迷走神经反应采取针对性对策。Objective To explore the effect of drinking salt water before blood donation on reducing the donation related vasovagal reaction(DRVR)of first-time blood donors,in order to provide an economical,simple and effective method for reducing the vasovagal reaction of first-time blood donors,and to provide reference for subsequent research.Methods A total of 500 first-time blood donors were divided into control group and observation group according to the random numerical table,with 250 cases in each group.Donors in the observation group drank salt water within 20 min before blood donation(finished drinking within 10 min),while donors in the control group did not drink salt water.The incidence rate of vasovagal reaction,score of satisfaction with blood donation and willingness to donate again were compared between the two groups,and the causes of vasovagal reaction were recorded and analyzed.Results The incidence of vasovagal reaction in blood donors in the observation group was 2.0%,which was lower than that of 5.6%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The score of satisfaction with blood donation of(4.5±0.3)points and the score of willingness to donate again of(4.0±0.5)points in the observation group were higher than those of(3.2±0.2)and(3.1±0.2)points in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the 19 donors with vasovagal reaction,10 of them had vasovagal reaction due to psychological overstress or panic,4 of them had vasovagal reaction due to personal physical conditions such as fasting nausea,hunger or fatigue and sleepiness,3 cases were caused by noisy blood donation environment or lack of sleep the previous day,2 cases were caused by blood pressure rise due to puncture pain.Conclusion For first-time blood donors,drinking a certain amount of salt water before blood donation can effectively reduce the probability of vasovagal reaction in blood donors,and then effectively improve the satisfaction of blood donation and the willingn

关 键 词：献血 血管迷走神经反应 盐水 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]