山西省不同花序色黍稷种质资源农艺性状差异分析  

Analysis on Difference in Agronomic Traits of Panicum Millet Germplasm Resources with Different Inflorescence Colors

作　　者：王纶 王星玉 王海岗[1] 曹晓宁 刘思晨 陈凌[1] 王君杰[1] WANG Lun;WANG Xingyu;WANG Haigang;CAO Xiaoning;LIU Sichen;CHEN Ling;WANG Junjie(Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第7期721-727,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部作物种质资源保护与利用专项(19221846);国家科技资源共享服务平台项目(NCGRC-2022-27);山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC150)。

摘　　要：紫色和绿色花序种质是黍稷作物在不同生态环境下形成的固有的生态型。为了摸清不同花序色种质在其他农艺性状上的内在差异,对山西省1192份黍稷种质资源中958份绿色花序种质和234份紫色花序种质的15项可比指标进行比较。结果表明,种质数量以绿色花序为主;紫色花序种质的平均株高比绿色花序种质低2.09 cm,紫色花序种质的有效分蘖数平均高于绿色花序种质0.18个;紫色花序种质的单株穗质量比绿色花序种质多1.16 g,紫色花序种质的单株粒质量比绿色花序种质多1.0 g,紫色花序种质的单株草质量大于绿色花序种质3.52 g,紫色花序种质的千粒质量大于绿色花序种质0.12 g;紫色花序种质糯性占比大于绿色花序种质22.55百分点,紫色花序种质侧穗型种质占绝对优势;紫色花序种质茎叶茸毛多的占比大于绿色花序种质,紫色花序种质白粒和复色粒种质占比高于绿色花序种质;紫色花序种质抗黑穗病强的种质高于绿色花序种质,紫色花序种质抗旱性强的种质占比高于绿色花序种质,紫色花序种质抗倒伏性强的种质占比高于绿色花序种质,紫色花序种质耐盐碱性强和中的种质占比大于绿色种质。紫色花序种质不论在经济产量性状上还是在抗逆、抗病等性状上均优于绿色花序种质,今后在黍稷育种和生产中,应优先选用紫色花序种质。Purple and green inflorescence germplasms are the inherent ecotypes formed in different ecological environments of panicum millet.In order to find out the inherent differences in other agronomic traits of different inflorescence color germplasms,in this study,15 comparable items of 958 green inflorescence germplasms and 234 purple inflorescence germplasms among 1192 germplasm resources of panicum millet in Shanxi province were compared,and the following results were obtained:The number of germplasms was mainly green inflorescence.The average height of purple inflorescence germplasms was 2.09 cm lower than that of green inflorescence germplasms.The average number of effective tillers in purple inflorescence germplasms was 0.18 higher than that in green inflorescence germplasm.The spike weight per plant of purple inflorescence germplasm was 1.16 g more than that of green inflorescence germplasm.The grain weight per plant of purple inflorescence germplasm was 1.0 g higher than that of green inflorescence germplasm.The straw weight per plant of purple inflorescence germplasm was 3.52 g higher than that of green inflorescence germplasm.The thousand grain weight of purple inflorescence germplasm was 0.12 g higher than that of green inflorescence germplasm.The waxy ratio of purple inflorescence germplasm was 22.55 percentage points higher than that of green inflorescence germplasm.Side panicle type germplasm in purple inflorescence germplasm was dominant.The proportion of fuzz in purple inflorescence germplasm was higher than that in green inflorescence germplasm.The proportion of white grain and compound grain in purple inflorescence germplasm was higher than that in green inflorescence germplasm.The purple inflorescence germplasm was more resistant to smut than the green inflorescence germplasm.The proportion of germplasm with strong drought resistance in purple inflorescence germplasm was higher than that in green inflorescence germplasm.The proportion of germplasm with strong lodging resistance in purple inflorescen

关 键 词：黍稷 种质资源 花序色 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]