不同砧木对红江橙植株生长、果实品质及光合特性的影响  

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Plant Growth,Fruit Quality,and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Hongjiang Orange

作　　者：郭丽英[1,2] 吉前华[1,2] 郭雁君[1,2] 蒋惠[1,2] 杨凤梅 GUO Liying;JI Qianhua;GUO Yanjun;JIANG Hui;YANG Fengmei(Fruit Research Institute,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,China;College of Life Sciences,Zhaoqing University,Zhaoqing 526061,China)

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院果树研究所,广东肇庆526061 [2]肇庆学院生命科学学院,广东肇庆526061

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2023年第7期735-741,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜肇庆地区的红江橙最佳砧木品种,试验将红江橙分别嫁接在红柠檬、酸橘、红橘、枳壳和枳橙等5种砧木上,观测植株生长势、果实品质及光合日变化等指标,探究不同砧木对红江橙植株生长、果实品质及光合特性的影响。结果表明,不同砧木嫁接的红江橙在物候期方面无显著性差异;酸橘砧和红橘砧红江橙的植株生长较快,亲和性较好,亲和指数均为0.77;枳壳砧和枳橙砧红江橙植株生长较慢,亲和性较差,亲和指数分别为0.69和0.53。不同砧木的红江橙果实内外品质存在一定差异,酸橘砧和红橘砧红江橙的果皮较薄,平均单果质量较大,其中,酸橘砧的总糖含量最高(26.869%);红橘砧的可滴定酸含量最高(1.04%),可溶性固形物含量较高(12.87%)。各砧穗组合的红江橙叶片净光合速率日变化有单峰和双峰2种曲线,并有光合“午休”现象,其中,红橘砧和红柠檬砧呈双峰曲线,枳壳砧、枳橙砧和酸橘砧呈单峰曲线。综上,红橘+红江橙、酸橘+红江橙砧穗组合的各项生理指标表现较佳,红橘和酸橘可作为肇庆地区红江橙的配套砧木。In order to screen the bset rootstock varietie for Hongjiang orange in Zhaoqing area,in this study,Hongjiang orange was grafted onto red lemon,sudachi,red tangerine,Poncirus trifoliata,and trifoliate orange,respectively.The indexes of plant growth potential,fruit quality,and diurnal variation of photosynthesis were observed.The results showed that there was no significant difference in phenological periods of grafted Hongjiang orange onto different rootstocks.The Hongjiang orange grafted onto sudachi rootstock and red tangerine rootstock grew fast with a high compatibility index of 0.77.The grafted Hongjiang orange grafted onto the rootstocks of Poncirus trifoliata and trifoliate orange grew slowly with a low compatibility index of 0.69 and 0.53,respectively.There were some differences in the internal and external quality of Hongjiang orange fruits from different graft combination.The average single fruit weight of Hongjiang orange grafted onto sudachi and red tangerine rootstocks was larger with thinner peel.The fruits from grafted combination of sudachi had the highest total sugar content of 26.869%.The Hongjiang orange fruits grafted on red tangerine had the highest content of titratable acid of 1.04%,and also with a higher soluble solids content of 12.87%.The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(PN)of Hongjiang orange leaves in each graft combination had two different curves:single peak and double peaks,and there was a phenomenon of photosynthetic"lunch break".The red tangerine rootstock and red lemon rootstock showed a double peak curve,the Poncirus trifoliata rootstock,trifoliate orange rootstock,and sudachi rootstock showed a single peak curve.In conclusion,the graft combination of red tangerine+Hongjiang orange,sudachi+Hongjiang orange had better physiological indexes,so red tangerine and sudachi could be used as the supporting rootstocks of Hongjiang orange in Zhaoqing area.

关 键 词：红江橙 砧木 果实品质 光合特性 

分 类 号：S666.4[农业科学—果树学]