哺乳动物精子获能信号通路及检测方法研究进展  

Research Progress in Sperm Capacitation Associated Signaling Pathways and Detection Methods in Mammals

作　　者：毛飞 程敏 陈晓良 段然 孙洋 李国俊[2] 王彩云[1] MAO Fei;CHENG Min;CHEN Xiaoliang;DUAN Ran;SUN Yang;LI Guojun;WANG Caiyun(College of Veterinary Medicine,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot010018,China;Vocational and Technical College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou014109,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学兽医学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014109

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2023年第3期63-68,共6页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：内蒙古农业大学教改项目“家畜解剖学实践”课程教学改革与标本制作方法(RC2100002194);内蒙古农业大学兽医学院学科项目(DYJG202303)。

摘　　要：哺乳动物精子与卵细胞结合完成受精前,获能是关键环节之一。精子获能伴随着许多生理生化过程的改变,包括离子含量的改变、质膜重组、胆固醇外排和蛋白质的酪氨酸磷酸化等,此外,去能因子能使精子顺利完成受精。通过这些变化可以检测精子的获能状态,常用的检测方法主要有sAC-cAMP-PKA通路检测、质膜流动性变化检测、胆固醇再次分布检测、酪氨酸磷酸化检测和顶体反应检测等。对哺乳动物精子获能过程中涉及的信号通路、信号分子、调节因子、离子通道以及精子获能检测方法的研究进展进行综述,并对未来主要研究方向进行展望,以期为精子体外培养及辅助生殖技术的应用等提供参考。Capacitation is a crucial stage before sperm and egg cell complete fertilization in mammals.A series of physiological and biochemical processes are altered in accompany with sperm capacitation,including ion content changes,plasma membrane remodeling,cholesterol efflux,and protein tyrosine phosphorylation.In addition,decapacitation factors enable sperms to successfully complete fertilization.These alternations can be used to detect sperm capacitation status.The commonly used methods include the detections of sAC-cAMP-PKA pathway,plasma membrane fluidity change,cholesterol redistribution,tyrosine phosphorylation,and acrosome reaction.This article reviews the research progress in signaling pathways,signaling molecules,regulatory factors,ion channels,and sperm capacitation detection methods involved in sperm capacitation in mammals,and prospected the main research directions in the future,in hoping to provide references for sperm in vitro culture and the application of assisted reproductive technology.

关 键 词：精子获能 去能因子 信号通路 检测方法 

分 类 号：Q954.44[生物学—动物学] S814[农业科学—畜牧学]