GOAT:a simulation code for high-intensity beams  

作　　者：Lei Wang Jian-Cheng Yang Ming-Xuan Chang Fu Ma 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《Nuclear Science and Techniques》2023年第5期163-182,共20页核技术（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.11825505);the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFA0405400)。

摘　　要：A simulation code,GOAT,is developed to simulate single-bunch intensity-dependent effects and their interplay in the proton ring of the Electron-Ion Collider in China(EicC)project.GOAT is a scalable and portable macroparticle tracking code written in Python and coded by object-oriented programming technology.It allows for transverse and longitudinal tracking,including impedance,space charge effect,electron cloud effect,and beam-beam interaction.In this paper,physical models and numerical approaches for the four types of high-intensity effects,together with the benchmark results obtained through other simulation codes or theories,are presented and discussed.In addition,a numerical application of the cross-talk simulation between the beam-beam interaction and transverse impedance is shown,and a dipole instability is observed below the respective instability threshold.Different mitigation measures implemented in the code are used to suppress the instability.The flexibility,completeness,and advancement demonstrate that GOAT is a powerful tool for beam dynamics studies in the EicC project or other high-intensity accelerators.

关 键 词：Code development Numerical methods Beam dynamics High-intensity effects 

分 类 号：O572.214[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] TP311.52[理学—物理]