陕西省紫阳县闹热村富硒土壤化学特征及环境生态  

Chemical Characteristics and Environmental Ecology of Selenium-rich Soil in Naore Village ofZiyang County,Shaanxi Province

作　　者：李会杰 张宏敏 鲁春阳 LI Hui-jie;ZHANG Hong-min;LU Chun-yang(School of Surveying and Urban Spatial Information/Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467036,China)

机构地区：[1]河南城建学院测绘与城市空间信息学院,河南平顶山467036

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期406-412,共7页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(182102110151);平顶山市科技攻关计划项目(2013077)。

摘　　要：为了更好的开发利用我国富硒土壤资源,以典型富硒区-陕西省安康市紫阳县闹热村为研究对象,通过闹热村富硒土壤及其上种植玉米样品硒和其它主要元素含量的测定、相关性分析等,对闹热村富硒土壤的地球化学特征和环境生态进行了研究。结果表明:紫阳县闹热村富硒土壤的硒含量介于1.83 mg/kg-15.33 mg/kg之间,平均为9.56 mg/kg,约是我国富硒土壤标准下限0.4 mg/kg的24倍,开发利用潜力巨大;闹热村富硒土壤中的砷、镉、铜、镍、锌等重金属元素与硒具有较强的正相关性,富硒土壤在开发利用时须重视和防范这些重金属污染的风险与危害。闹热村富硒土壤上种植玉米的平均硒含量为3.37 mg/kg,是全国谷物籽实平均硒含量的10倍,最大铅、镉、砷、铬元素含量分别为:0 mg/kg、0.04 mg/kg、0.23 mg/kg、0.57 mg/kg,均低于我国食品中污染物限量标准,食用安全。富硒土壤中过量的硒抑制了玉米对重金属元素的吸收,这使得尽管闹热村富硒土壤中的砷、镉、铅、锌、镍等重金属元素含量都超出了我国农用地土壤污染风险管控标准中的限值,但并未对种植玉米造成重金属污染,这也提示硒元素在修复重金属污染土壤方面有很大的应用前景。富硒土壤中硒、砷及其它重金属元素向农作物中的迁移转化,除与土壤中这些元素的总含量有关外,还与这些元素的赋存形态、农作物种类等有关,筛选、改良、培育一些对硒等有益元素具有高富集性,而对砷、镉等重金属元素又有较强耐性的农作物品种,对实现富硒土壤资源的安全、高效开发利用,是非常重要的。In order to better develop and utilize selenium-rich soil resources in China,the selenium-rich soil(0~20 cm)and aboveground corn samples of farmers in a typical selenium-rich area–Naore village in Ziyang County,Ankang City,Shaanxi Province were systematically collected,and the content of selenium and other major elements in soil and maize samples was determined by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,atomic absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma method,and the geochemical characteristics and ecological environmental effects of selenium-rich soil in noisy villages were studied.The results show that the selenium content of selenium-rich soil in Naore village,Ziyang County is between 1.83 mg/kg-15.33 mg/kg and the average is 9.56 mg/kg,which is about 24 times the lower limit of 0.4 mg/kg of selenium-rich soil in China.The average selenium content of maize planted on selenium-rich soil in Ziyang County is 3.37 mg/kg,which is 10 times of the average selenium content of grain seed in China,and the maximum content of lead,cadmium,arsenic and chromium is 0 mg/kg,0.04 mg/kg,0.23 mg/kg,0.57 mg/kg,respectively.Excessive selenium in selenium-rich soil inhibited the absorption of heavy metals in maize,which made the content of arsenic,cadmium,lead,zinc and nickel in selenium-rich soil in Ziyang County exceed the limit value of soil pollution risk control standard in agricultural land in China,but it did not cause heavy metal pollution to maize.This also suggests that selenium has a great application prospect in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.The migration and transformation of selenium,arsenic and other heavy metal elements into crops in selenium-enriched soil is related to the total content of these elements in soil,as well as the occurrence form and crop types of these elements.

关 键 词：富硒土壤 土壤化学 土壤生态 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]