不同年龄老年心肌梗死患者心脏超声临床诊断分析  

Clinical analysis of cardiac ultrasound in elderly patients with myocardial infarction at different ages

作　　者：姜飞 JIANG Fei(Electrodiagnosis Department,Liaoyang Liaohua Hospital,Liaoyang 111003,China)

机构地区：[1]辽阳辽化医院电诊科,111003

出　　处：《中国实用医药》2023年第11期87-90,共4页China Practical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析不同年龄老年心肌梗死患者心脏超声临床诊断结果差异。方法100例老年心肌梗死患者,根据患者年龄分为A组(60~69岁,33例)、B组(70~79岁,34例)、C组(≥80岁,33例)。所有患者均行心脏超声检查,比较三组患者左室射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣口舒张早期和晚期血流峰值速度比值(E/A)、左心房内径、右心室内径,冠状动脉病变支数、狭窄程度,心脏相关合并症(心律失常、心力衰竭、室壁破裂、心源性休克)发生情况。结果A组患者LVEF<50%、E/A<1、左心房内径≥39 mm、右心室内径≥39 mm占比分别为30.30%、18.18%、45.45%、45.45%,B组患者分别为55.88%、41.18%、76.47%、79.41%,C组患者分别为63.64%、48.48%、78.79%、81.82%。随着老年心肌梗死患者年龄增长,LVEF<50%、E/A<1、左心房内径≥39 mm、右心室内径≥39 mm患者占比升高,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组LVEF<50%、E/A<1、左心房内径≥39 mm、右心室内径≥39 mm占比低于B组、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组、B组、C组患者冠状动脉狭窄程度≥70%占比分别为30.30%、55.88%、63.64%,随着老年心肌梗死患者年龄增长,冠状动脉狭窄程度增加,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组冠状动脉狭窄程度≥70%占比低于B组、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组患者心律失常、心力衰竭、室壁破裂、心源性休克发生率分别为9.09%、3.03%、0、0,B组患者分别为32.35%、20.59%、11.76%、11.76%,C组患者分别为42.42%、27.27%、15.15%、15.15%。随着老年心肌梗死患者年龄增长,心律失常、心力衰竭、室壁破裂、心源性休克发生率升高,三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组心律失常、心力衰竭、室壁破裂、心源性休克发生率均低于B组、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论随着老年心肌梗死患者年龄增长,病情加重,心脏解剖结构改变明显、心功能下降、冠状动脉狭窄程度增加、�Objective To analyze the the difference of clinical diagnosis results of cardiac ultrasound in elderly patients with myocardial infarction at different ages.Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with myocardial infarction were divided into group A(60-69 years old,33 cases),group B(70-79 years old,34 cases)and group C(≥80 years old,33 cases)according to their age.All patients underwent cardiac ultrasound to compare the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),early diastolic peak flow velocity of mitral valve/late diastolic peak flow velocity of mitral valve(E/A),left atrial diameter,right ventricular diameter,number of coronary artery lesions and degree of stenosis,and the incidence of heart-related comorbidities(arrhythmia,heart failure,ventricular wall rupture,and cardiogenic shock)in the three groups.Results The percentages of LVEF<50%,E/A<1,left atrial diameter≥39 mm,right ventricular diameter≥39 mm were 30.30%,18.18%,45.45%,45.45%in group A,55.88%,41.18%,76.47%,79.41%in group B,and 63.64%,48.48%,78.79%,81.82%in group C.With the aging of elderly patients with myocardial infarction,the percentages of patients with LVEF<50%,E/A<1,left atrial diameter≥39 mm and right ventricular diameter≥39 mm increased,and the difference among the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The percentages of LVEF<50%,E/A<1,left atrial internal diameter≥39 mm,and right ventricular internal diameter≥39 mm in group A were higher than those in group B and group C,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The percentages of coronary artery stenosis≥70%in group A,Group B and group C were 30.30%,55.88%and 63.64%.With the aging of elderly patients with myocardial infarction,the degree of coronary artery stenosis increased,and the difference among the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The percentage of coronary artery stenosis≥70%in group A was higher than in group B and group C,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidences of arrhythmia,heart failur

关 键 词：心肌梗死 心脏超声 不同年龄 老年 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]