种植密度对扁蓿豆生产性能和光合特性的影响  

Effects of planting density on production performance and photosynthetic characteristics of Medicago ruthenica L.

作　　者：刘万鹏 朱琳 李悦煊 李志勇[1] 郭茂伟 孙娟娟[1] 李鸿雁[1] LIU Wanpeng;ZHU Lin;LI Yuexuan;LI Zhiyong;GUO Maowei;SUN Juanjuan;LI Hongyan(Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shaerqin Key Field Scientific Observation Station for Forage Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Hohhot 010020,China;College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,China;Pratacultural College,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院草原研究所/农业农村部沙尔沁牧草资源重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2023年第2期65-73,共9页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0031);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020ZD14);农业农村部农作物种质资源保护与利用项目(2022NWB037);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项(2021CG0049)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同种植密度对扁蓿豆生产性能和光合特性的影响。【方法】试验在内蒙古呼和浩特市土默特左旗沙尔沁乡进行,以科尔沁沙地扁蓿豆为材料,采取裂区设计,主区为不同行距处理,设置100、140、180 cm 3个水平,副区为不同株距处理,设置100、80、60 cm 3个水平,分析不同株行距对扁蓿豆鲜草产量、干草产量和种子产量等生产性能,以及净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率等光合特性的影响。【结果】株行距80 cm×140 cm处理下,扁蓿豆鲜草产量、干草产量最高,分别为29375.000、10784.722 kg/hm^(2);株行距80 cm×100 cm处理下,扁蓿豆种子产量最高,为645.833 kg/hm^(2);株行距80 cm×140 cm处理下,扁蓿豆净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、叶室内部光强均最高,分别为1.356μmol/(m^(2)·s)、0.018 mol/(m^(2)·s)、0.808 mmol/(m^(2)·s)和1201.544 mol/(m^(2)·s)。【结论】科尔沁沙地扁蓿豆在内蒙古呼和浩特市种植的适宜株距为80 cm,行距为100~140 cm,该密度下其生产性能和光合特性较好。【Objective】To explore the effects of different planting density on production performance and photosynthetic characteristics of Medicago ruthenica L.【Methods】In Shaerqin Township,Tumd Left Banner,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia,Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’as experimental materials were planted in split-plot design.The main plot was different row spacing treatment,with three levels of 100,140 and 180 cm.The sub-plot was different plant spacing treatment,with three levels of 100,80 and 60 cm.The effects of different plant and row spacing on the production characteristics of fresh grass yield,hay yield and seed yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’,as well as the photosynthetic characteristics such as net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were analyzed.【Results】Under plant and row spacing of 80 cm×140 cm treatment,the fresh grass yield and hay yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’were highest,at 29375.000 kg/hm^(2) and 10784.722 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Under plant and row spacing of 80 cm×100 cm treatment,the seed yield of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’was the highest,at 645.833 kg/hm^(2).When the plant and row spacing was 80 cm×140 cm,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and light intensity inside the leaf chamber of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’were highest at 1.356μmol/(m^(2)·s),0.018 mol/(m^(2)·s),0.808 mmol/(m^(2)·s)and 1201.544 mol/(m^(2)·s),respectively.【Conclusion】The suitable plant spacing of Medicago ruthenica(L.)Trautv cv.‘Keerqinshadi’in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia was 80 cm,and row spacing in the range of 100-140 cm,and the production performance and photosynthetic characteristics were better under this density.

关 键 词：扁蓿豆 株行距 生产性能 光合特性 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]