变截面钢板弹簧断裂分析  

Fracture Analysis of Taper Leaf Spring

作　　者：常新宇 蔡虹 王金栋 张瑞君 彭卫刚 周明宇 CHANG Xinyu;CAI Hong;WANG Jindong;ZHANG Ruijun;PENG Weigang;ZHOU Mingyu(Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古第一机械集团有限公司,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《新技术新工艺》2023年第5期67-71,共5页New Technology & New Process

摘　　要：钢板弹簧主要是作为减震、储能零件使用,为了获得汽车行驶的安全性,应保证钢板弹簧的高强度和具有较高的使用寿命,其疲劳寿命与表面状况以及热处理过程控制联系紧密。通过对某重卡少片变截面钢板弹簧在研发过程中的断裂样件进行宏观形貌分析、显微组织扫描电镜观察、硬度测试、喷丸残余应力测试等,对其开裂原因进行了分析。结果表明,该钢板弹簧材料在热处理过程中非常容易形成上贝氏体组织,增大组织的硬脆性,加快疲劳扩展速度,在表面出现微缺陷或喷丸效果未达到预期目标时,导致钢板弹簧的疲劳寿命降低。Leaf springs were mainly used as parts for shock absorption and energy storage,in order to obtain the safety of automobile driving,it was necessary to ensure the high strength and high service life of leaf springs,and its fatigue life was closely related to the surface condition as well as the heat treatment process control.The causes of cracking were analyzed by analyzing the macroscopic feature,electron microscope observation of microstructure scanning,hardness test,shot blasting residual stress test and so on of a heavy truck variable section leaf spring during the R&D process.The results showed that the leaf spring materials after heat treatment easily formed upper bainite tissue,which increased the brittleness of parts,and accelerated the fatigue expansion speed.When micro-defects appeared on the surface of the steel plate or the effect of shot peening did not meet the expected target,the fatigue life of the leaf spring was reduced.

关 键 词：钢板弹簧 疲劳寿命 热处理 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG115.55[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]