折叠突变的列车脱轨理论研究与仿真  

Theoretical Research and Simulation of Train Derailment with Folding Catastrophe Theory

作　　者：刘雨梦 刘学文 张文静 LIU Yumeng;LIU Xuewen;ZHANG Wenjing(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学机械与汽车工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2023年第6期829-834,共6页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675324);上海市地方能力建设项目(19030501100)。

摘　　要：随着轨道交通的发展,列车成为出行货运的重要交通工具,所以找到有效的评价列车脱轨的方法成为研究重点。本文研究了直线道路上列车行驶过程的状态突变现象。将突变理论运用到列车脱轨研究分析中,基于初等突变理论里的折叠突变,考虑列车横向振动加速度以及重心偏转角对列车脱轨的影响,建立列车脱轨事故折叠突变模型。对直线上行驶的列车临近脱轨时受力分析,依据弹性势能不变值原理以及泰勒展开式,推导出列车脱轨事故的折叠突变势函数方程,通过分析突变模型的平衡曲线以及分叉集,给出了列车运行时脱轨的危险区。应用Simpack软件建立车辆轨道模型,施加不同类型的路面激励谱,将仿真结果与突变模型中的平衡曲线和分叉集进行分析对比,得到:当列车运行导致横向振动加速度由平衡曲线下半支跃升到上半支时,脱轨系数增大,列车脱轨风险增大。最终得到基于折叠突变理论的新的列车脱轨评价方法。With the development of rail transit,trains have become an important means of transport for freight transportation,so finding an effective method to evaluate train derailment has become a research focus.We study the phenomenon of sudden state changes in trains on straight roads and apply the catastrophe theory to accident analysis of train derailment.Based on the folding catastrophe in the elementary catastrophe theory,considering the influence of the train's lateral vibration acceleration and the deflection angle of the center of gravity on the train derailment,the folding catastrophe model of the train derailment accident is established.When it is approaching derailment,according to the principle of invariable value of elastic potential energy and Taylor expansion,the folding catastrophe potential function equation of the train derailment accident is deduced.By analyzing the balance curve and bifurcation set of the catastrophe model,give out of the danger zone of derailment during train operation.The Simpack software was used to establish the vehicle track model,and different types of road excitation spectra were applied.The simulation results were analyzed and compared with the balance curve and bifurcation set in the catastrophe model.It was obtained that when the train was running,the lateral vibration acceleration jumped from the lower half of the balance curve.In the upper half of the branch,the derailment coefficient increases and the risk of train derailment increases.Finally,a new train derailment evaluation method based on folding catastrophe theory is obtained.

关 键 词：横向振动加速度 重心偏转角 折叠突变 势函数方程 列车脱轨 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]