乌尔第三王朝御赐印章与国家治理  

The Royally Bestowed Seals and State Governance in Ur III Dynasty

作　　者：晁雪婷 董晓博[1] Chao Xueting;Dong Xiaobo(Institute for the History of Ancient Civilizations,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,Jilin,130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学世界古典文明史研究所,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《古代文明（中英文）》2023年第3期16-24,M0003,共10页The Journal of Ancient Civilizations

摘　　要：乌尔第三王朝御赐印章是目前已知这一时期规格最高的印章,伴生于舒勒吉强化王权的改革之中,最初作为委任状少量颁发给亲信以加强对地方的监督管辖。在舒辛时期御赐印章的使用臻于完善,部分持有者甚至可以代表国王处置王室物资,行使类似钦差的权力。至伊比辛时期,随着王权衰落及对地方控制力的下降,御赐印章呈泛化使用之势。通过对乌尔第三王朝御赐印章的颁发和使用情况的统计,结合当时的历史文化背景,能够为研究这一时期的王权形态及政治体制运行提供新的微观视角。The royally bestowed seals of the Ur III Dynasty are the highest ranked seals of this period known at present.They were originally granted to cronies in small numbers as certificates of appointment to strengthen the local supervision during the reform of theŠulgi aiming at strengthening the royal power.During the period ofŠu-Suen,the authority of the royally bestowed seals increased.Some holders could even represent the king to exercise the power similar to the imperial commissioners,including disposal of royal goods.By the time of Ibbi-Suen,with the decline of royal power and local control,the usage of royally bestowed seals were abused.A statistical study of the issue and use of the royally bestowed seals in the historical and cultural background of the Ur III Dynasty,may provide a new understanding of the political system of this period.

关 键 词：乌尔第三王朝 滚筒印章 御赐印章 王权神化 

分 类 号：K12[历史地理—历史学] D033.1[历史地理—世界史]