伯克氏菌对群结腐霉引起的花生果腐病的生防潜力  

Biocontrol Potentiality of Endophytic Burkholderia cepacia against Peanut Pod Rot Caused by Pythium myriotylum

作　　者：于静 宋新颖 李莹 何康 郭志青 许曼琳[1] 张霞 迟玉成[1] YU Jing;SONG Xin-ying;LI Ying;HE Kang;GUO Zhi-qing;XU Man-lin;ZHANG Xia;CHI Yu-cheng(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《花生学报》2023年第2期52-60,81,共10页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32202326);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QC131)。

摘　　要：花生果腐病是一种世界性的花生病害,群结腐霉是其主要致病菌之一,在花生生产过程中造成重大经济损失,生物防治是一种有效的绿色防控手段。为了控制花生果腐病的发生,从健康的花生植株上分离获得39株内生细菌,并筛选出5株对群结腐霉菌具有明显拮抗活性的菌株。结果表明,基于16S核糖体RNA序列和RecA序列,有5个菌株均被鉴定为洋葱伯克霍尔德菌(Burkholderia cepacia),其中,菌株PRI08对群结腐霉菌菌丝生长显示出较强的拮抗活性。通过温室和田间试验,接种洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08后,再用群结腐霉侵染花生植株,发病率分别降低了29.5%和11.83%。此外,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08对花生有明显的促生作用,增加主茎高、侧枝长、荚果数量、饱果率和荚果产量,分别为20.44%,19.98%,26.61%,20.36%和21.52%。本研究表明,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌PRI08具有作为花生果腐病生物防治剂和花生生长促进菌的潜力。Peanut pod rot caused by Pythium myriotylum results in significant economic losses worldwide during peanut production.Biological control is an alternative measure to current chemical control methods,which are often inefficient and have adverse environmental effects.To control this disease,39endophytic bacterial strains from healthy peanut(Arachis hypogaea)roots were screened for their antagonistic activities against P.myriotylum.Five of which showed efficient biocontrol effects.Results showed,they were all identified as Burkholderia cepacia on the basis of 16Sribosomal RNA and RecA gene sequences.Among the five B.cepaciastrains,PRI08 manifested the greatest antagonistic activity against P.myriotylum mycelial growth.In greenhouse and field experiments,infected peanut plants with B.cepacia PRI08 inoculation reduced the disease incidence by 29.5%and 11.83%,respectively.Moreover,B.cepacia PRI08 significantly promoted peanut growth by enhancing the main stem length,lateral branch length,pod number,plump pod rate and pod yield by 20.44%,19.98%,26.61%,20.36%and 21.52%,respectively.This study revealed that B.cepacia PRI08 has the potential to be used as an agricultural biocontrol agent and plant growth-promoting bacterium.

关 键 词：群结腐霉 内生菌 伯克氏菌 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.28[农业科学—植物保护]