“巴[身小]”音乐文化的建构与认同  

Construction and Identification of"Baleng"Music Culture

作　　者：舒然 SHU Ran(School of Music and Dance,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang Guizhou,550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院音乐舞蹈学院,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2023年第14期97-101,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金艺术学青年项目“交融与共生:多民族傩乐文化的‘中华性’研究”(项目编号:22CD170);贵州省2021年度哲学社会科学规划课题青年项目“贵州多民族傩乐文化交融共生关系研究”(项目编号:21GZQN20)。

摘　　要：在贵州世居着一支自称“蒙正”的族群,汉译为“遗留下来的民族”,他们深信自己是活人坟中幸存者夜郎的后裔。“蒙正”由居住地分为同族的3个支系:镇林江龙、紫云巴[身小]和西秀岩腊。千百年来,聚居于贵州紫云苗族布依族自治县猫营镇牛角井村的巴[身小]人在历史嬗变的过程中构建出了一套完整且独具族群身份识别的民族文化体系:族源信仰讲述着巴[身小]人的祖先过往,民俗史诗传承着巴[身小]人的历史文化,巴[身小]歌舞乐承载着族群文化的繁衍创造。该文以巴[身小]支系为切入点,就巴[身小]人的原生环境、历史源流、族源信仰、民俗活动、民间歌舞乐等展开描述与解释,例证这些极富族性符号和民族性格的文化事象,最终成为巴[身小]文化建构与族群认同的有力支撑,亦是推动少数民族传统音乐文化传承发展、铸牢中华民族共同体意识的不竭动力。In Guizhou,there is a group of people who call themselves"Mengzheng",which translates as"leftover ethnic group"in Chinese.They firmly believe that they are descendants of the survivor Yelang from the living tomb.Mengzheng is divided into three branches of the same clan based on its place of residence:Zhenlin Jianglong,Ziyun Baleng,and Xixiu Yanla.For thousands of years,the Baleng people living in Niujiaojing Village,Maoying Town,Ziyun Miao and Buyi Autonomous County have built a complete and unique ethnic cultural system through historical evolution:ethnic beliefs tell the ancestors and past of the Baleng people,folk epics inherit the historical culture of the Baleng people,and Baleng songs,dances,and music carry the reproduction and creation of ethnic culture.This article takes the Baleng tribe as the starting point to describe and explain the original environment,historical origins,ethnic beliefs,folk activities,folk songs and dances of the Baleng people,and exemplifies these cultural phenomena rich in ethnic symbols and personalities.Ultimately,it boils down to the strong support for the construction of Baleng culture and ethnic identity,and is also an inexhaustible driving force for promoting the inheritance and development of traditional music culture of ethnic minorities and forging a sense of Chinese national community.

关 键 词：巴[身小] 族群 文化 音乐特征 构建 认同 

分 类 号：J60[艺术—音乐]