有尾噬菌体的结构及其受体研究进展  

Research Progress in the Structure of Tailed Bacteriophage and Its Receptors

作　　者：李托 李陇平 屈雷[1,2] LI Tuo;LI Long-ping;QU Lei(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000;Shaanxi Province Engineering&Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goat,Yulin University,Yulin 719000)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,榆林719000 [2]榆林学院陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心,榆林719000

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第6期88-101,共14页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JQ-187)。

摘　　要：随着“超级耐药”细菌的不断出现和快速传播,噬菌体(细菌病毒)成为抗生素替代品研究的热点,是解决抗生素耐药难题、促进养殖业健康发展的新途径。噬菌体能够特异性裂解宿主菌是其发挥治疗功效的关键,然而噬菌体裂解细菌的特异性又取决于噬菌体受体结合蛋白与受体的识别与吸附。有尾噬菌体利用其受体结合蛋白(尾部纤维、尾钉和基板结构等)识别细菌表面受体(脂多糖、外膜蛋白、荚膜、鞭毛和菌毛等),最终将细菌裂解。本文综述了有尾噬菌体及其受体结合蛋白的类型和结构,以及噬菌体受体方面的研究进展,讨论了基于噬菌体与宿主菌互作研究基础上的噬菌体治疗制剂的选择策略,为后续深入研究噬菌体与其宿主菌互作机理、改造噬菌体和创制噬菌体生物杀菌制剂提供坚实的理论基础。With the emergence and rapid spread of“super drug-resistant”bacteria,phages have become a research hot spot for antibiotic alternatives and a new way to solve the problem of antibiotic resistance and promote the healthy development of the farming industry.The key to the therapeutic role of phages is their ability of specifically lysing their host bacteria,while the specificity of phage lysis of bacteria depends on the recognition and adsorption of phage receptor-binding proteins to the receptor.Tailed bacteriophages use a broad range of receptor-binding proteins,such as tail fiber,tail spikes and the central tail spike,to target their cognate bacterial cell surface receptors lipopolysaccharide,outer membrane protein,capsule,flagella and pili,etc.,and finally the bacteria are lysed.In the present review,we systematically summarized the research advances in the types and structures of tailed bacteriophage and its receptors.We also discussed the selection strategies of phage therapeutic agents based on the research foundation of phage-host interaction mechanism.It is aimed to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the further study of the mechanism of interaction between phages and their host bacteria,modification of phages and creation of phage biocidal agents.

关 键 词：有尾噬菌体 结构 受体结合蛋白 受体 噬菌体治疗制剂选择策略 

分 类 号：Q939.48[生物学—微生物学]