盐、碱胁迫下高丹草苗期生理特征及转录组学分析  

Physiological Characteristics and Transcriptome Analysis of Sorghum bicolor×S.Sudanense Seedlings Under Salt-alkali Stress

作　　者：孔德真 段震宇[1] 王刚[1] 张鑫[1] 席琳乔[2] KONG De-zhen;DUAN Zhen-yu;WANG Gang;ZHANG Xin;XI Lin-qiao(Institute of Crop Research,Xinjiang Academy of Agri-Reclamation Sciences,Key Lab of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps for Cereal Quality Research and Genetic Improvement,Shihezi 832000;Tarim University,Husbandry Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Production and Construction Corps of Tarim in Xinjiang,Alar 843300)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院作物研究所谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室,石河子832000 [2]塔里木大学新疆生产建设兵团塔里木畜牧科技重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第6期199-207,共9页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：兵团重点领域科技攻关项目(2020AB016)。

摘　　要：高丹草(Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense hybrids)具有抗旱和耐盐碱特性,逐渐成为畜牧业重要的饲料作物,明确高丹草耐盐、耐碱分子调控机制对高丹草分子辅助育种具有重要意义。本文对高丹草种子进行不同浓度的NaCl和Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫,统计不同浓度下发芽率变化;高丹草幼苗进行200 mmol/L的NaCl和Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫处理,不同时间段对整株幼苗可溶性糖、脯氨酸(PRO)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)生理指标测定和转录组学表达分析。结果表明,相同浓度中性盐(NaCl)胁迫高丹草种子发芽率、根长均大于碱性盐(Na_(2)CO_(3))胁迫。随着胁迫时间延长,POD和CAT在中性盐胁迫时表现出逐渐下降趋势,碱性盐胁迫时呈逐渐增加趋势;PRO、可溶性糖和T-SOD在中性盐胁迫表现出逐渐增大趋势,碱性盐胁迫时表现出逐渐减小趋势。转录组学分析发现,在中性盐胁迫6、12和24 h后,分别鉴定出241个、293个和149个DEG,碱性盐胁迫后,分别鉴定出664个、641个和728个DEG。GO和KEGG聚类分析显示,盐和碱胁迫处理下参与氧化还原酶合成、渗透胁迫、细胞膜组分、细胞氧化解毒等相关DEG在高丹草苗期生长过程中应对盐碱胁迫响应发挥关键性作用,DEG主要集中在激素信号转导、光合代谢、氧化还原、糖代谢、核酸修复、苯丙烷生物合成等过程与非生物胁迫或逆境相关。盐碱胁迫条件下,高丹草幼苗应对环境刺激通过激素信号转导和氧化还原酶解毒。糖代谢和还原酶合成转运在耐盐碱品种中起到了重要作用。Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense has the characteristics of drought resistance and salt-alkali tolerance,and has gradually become an important feed crop in animal husbandry.It is of great significance to clarify the molecular regulation mechanism of salt-tolerant and alkali-tolerant grass for molecular-assisted breeding.In this paper,the seeds of S.bicolor×S.sudanense were treated with different concentration of NaCl and Na_(2)CO_(3) stress,and the germination rates of the seeds were analyzed under different concentrations.The seedlings were treated with 200 mmol/L NaCl and Na_(2)CO_(3) stress.The physiological indexes of soluble sugar,proline(PRO),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)were determined and transcriptome expression was analyzed in different time periods.The results showed that the germination rate and root length of S.bicolor×S.sudanense under the same concentration of neutral salt stress were higher than those under alkaline salt stress.With the time prolonging,POD and CAT showed a gradually decreasing trend under neutral salt stress,but gradually increasing trend under alkaline salt stress.PRO,soluble sugar and T-SOD increased gradually under neutral salt stress,but decreased gradually under alkaline salt stress.Transcriptome analysis showed that 241,293 and 149 DEGs were identified after 6,12 and 24 h of neutral salt stress,and 664,641 and 728 DEGs were identified under alkaline salt stress.GO and KEGG cluster analysis revealed that DEGs involved in oxidative reductase synthesis,osmotic stress,cell membrane composition,cell oxidation and detoxification played a key role in the responses to salt-alkali stress the grass in the seedling.DEG mainly focused on hormone signal transduction,photosynthetic metabolism,redox,glucose metabolism,nucleic acid repair,phenylpropane biosynthesis and other processes related to abiotic stress or stress.Under saline-alkali stress,the grass seedlings responded to environmental stimuli through hormone signal transduction and oxidoreductase d

关 键 词：高丹草 盐碱胁迫 转录组 生理特性 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]