几内亚湾海盗问题的治理困境——一种层次分析的视角  

The Governance Dilemma of Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea:A Hierarchical Analysis Perspective

作　　者：陈立 Chen Li(Institute of African Studies at Zhejiang Normal University)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学非洲研究院,浙江金华321000 [2]浙江师范大学非洲安全与发展研究中心,浙江金华321000

出　　处：《区域国别学刊》2023年第3期59-77,156,157,共21页COUNTRY AND AREA STUDIES

摘　　要：在索马里海盗影响力下降后,几内亚湾海盗迅速成为全球最“招摇”的海上犯罪团伙,这既是因为其对几内亚湾沿岸国家的经济社会发展及国际航运安全构成了严重威胁,更重要的原因是几内亚湾沿岸国家和地区乃至国际社会似乎对其束手无策。几内亚湾海盗问题治理不力,主要归因于沿岸国家、地区及国际社会的管控能力和意愿不强及协作和联动不畅。在国家层面,沿岸各国的治理能力(特别是海上治理能力)普遍偏弱,制约了其打击和根除海盗的努力;在地区层面,受殖民历史和地缘环境差别的影响,各国的制度和文化不同,政治互信不足,难以对海盗展开有效的联动打击;在国际层面,相关国际组织和大国的重视程度和支持力度不够,大国间合作意愿不强,相关国际立法与司法存在漏洞。几内亚湾海盗问题牵涉面广,只有沿岸国家、地区和国际社会三个层面彼此协调,综合施策,方能取得显著治理效果。Following the decline of Somali piracy,the Gulf of Guinea has become the world’s most prominent maritime criminal gang.Pirates pose a severe threat to the economic and social development of countries along the Gulf of Guinea,as well as the security of international shipping.Despite this,the countries and regions along the Gulf of Guinea,and even the international community,appear unable to manage and control the piracy problem.The lack of governance is primarily due to weak capacity and willingness to control piracy by countries and regions along the Gulf,as well as a lack of coordination and interaction.At the national level,weak governance capacity,particularly at sea,restricts efforts to eradicate piracy.At the regional level,different countries have varying systems,cultures,and a lack of political mutual trust,making it challenging to combat pirates.At the international level,insufficient attention and support from relevant organizations and major countries,a weak willingness to cooperate,and imperfect international legislation and justice hinder piracy eradication efforts.A coordinated and comprehensive approach is necessary to effectively address the piracy problem in the Gulf of Guinea,involving the states along the Gulf,the region,and the international community.

关 键 词：几内亚湾 海盗 治理 尼日利亚 国际合作 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]