钼精矿焙烧处理过程中典型杂质元素的热力学行为及分析  

Thermodynamic behavior and analysis of typical impurity elements in the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate

作　　者：刘起航[1] 刘睿霖 杨双平[1] 何凯[2] 王利东 LIU Qihang;LIU Ruilin;YANG Shuangping;HE Kai;WANG Lidong(School of Metallurgy Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,P.R.China;Technical Center,Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710077,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,西安710055 [2]金堆城钼业股份有限公司技术中心,西安710077

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2023年第6期89-100,共12页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51604208);陕西省自然科学联合基金资助项目(2019JLM-34,2022JQ-302)。

摘　　要：通过模拟实验结合X射线荧光光谱仪(X-ray fluorescence spectrometer,XRF)、电感耦合等离子光谱发生仪(inductively coupled plasma spectrometer,ICP)及矿物解离分析仪(mineral liberation analyser,MLA)等研究了钼精矿焙烧处理流程中多种杂质元素间的相互作用,在MLA对物相定量分析的基础上,采用Factsage7.0软件分析了钼精矿焙烧过程中不同杂质元素反应进行的热力学条件。结果表明:杂质元素在钼精矿及后续处理流程中的分布存在明显的粒度偏析,主要表现为K、Si等杂质更多以大分子量的矿物形式赋存在较粗粒度的钼精矿中,而Fe、Ca、Cu等杂质则更多以FeS_(2)、CaSO_(4)、CuFeS_(2)等小分子量的化合物形式赋存在较细粒度的钼精矿中。FeS_(2)、CaSO_(4)和SiO_(2)等杂质会在高温焙烧过程中与MoO_(3)形成致密度较高的混合物,降低Mo的浸出率。云母在钼精矿焙烧过程中会分解生成正长石,而正长石在CaF_(2)作助熔剂的条件下可转化出易溶于水的K、Al等金属离子进而被水洗去除。The interaction between various impurity elements in the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate was studied by the simulation experiment combined with analysis techniques,including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and mineral liberation analyser.Based on the quantitative analysis of the phase by mineral liberation analyser,the thermodynamic conditions of the reaction of different impurity elements in the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate were analyzed by Factsage 7.0 software.The results show that there is obvious grain size segregation in the distribution of impurity elements in the molybdenum concentrate and subsequent treatment processes.The main findings are that impurities such as K and Si are more likely present in the coarse-grained molybdenum concentrate in the form of large-molecular-mass-minerals,while impurities such as Fe,Ca and Cu are more likely present in the fine-grained molybdenum concentrate in the form of small-molecular-mass compounds such as FeS_(2),CaSO_(4)and CuFeS_(2).Impurities,such as FeS_(2),CaSO_(4)and SiO_(2),form a dense mixture with MoO3 during high temperature roasting,which reduces the leaching rate of Mo.Muscovite decomposes into syenite in the roasting process of molybdenum concentrate,and syenite transform with CaF_(2)the fluxing medium into ions of metals,such as K and Al,that are soluble in water,and then is washed away.Therefore,reasonable control of molybdenum concentrate particle size and roasting conditions is an effective measure to reduce the impurity content in molybdenum products.

关 键 词：钼精矿 焙烧 热力学 钼酸铵除钾 

分 类 号：TG166.7[金属学及工艺—热处理]