CLM 5.0对干旱环境中高寒山区土壤温度模拟的适用性评估  

Evaluation of CLM 5.0 on simulating soil temperature in alpine mountainous area in arid environment

作　　者：曾璇 张兰慧[1] 白旭亮 刘宇 安琦 ZENG Xuan;ZHANG Lanhui;BAI Xuliang;LIU Yu;AN Qi(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱气象》2023年第3期368-379,共12页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“祁连山区土壤水分对陆面水文过程的影响机理和模拟研究”(41877148)资助。

摘　　要：土壤温度反映土壤的热状态,对地表能量交换起重要作用,是影响土壤水热再分配的关键性因素。高寒山区水热传输复杂且特殊,准确模拟土壤温度对于研究高寒山区水循环过程有重要意义。CLM 5.0(Community Land Model 5.0)是CLM模式的最新版本,是目前国际上最先进的陆面过程模式之一。本文基于黑河流域上游9个典型观测站实测数据,对CLM 5.0的土壤温度模拟性能进行评估。结果表明:(1)CLM 5.0可以很好地模拟土壤温度在高寒山区的年内变化和年际变化,但模拟值相较实测值普遍存在低估。(2)CLM 5.0对土壤温度的模拟性能在高寒草甸略高于草地,土壤浅层优于深层。(3)CLM 5.0模拟的土壤温度在生长季和非生长季均呈现低估,且非生长季低估更明显;在冻结期和非冻结期均为低估,且冻结期低估更明显。(4)非生长季土壤温度的明显低估主要是冻结期土壤温度的明显低估引起,CLM 5.0中土壤冰的模拟偏差是主要原因。以上结论可为陆面过程模式CLM 5.0在高寒山区的应用及改进提供科学依据。Soil temperature reflects the thermal state of soil and plays a crucial role in the exchange of surface energy,and it directly influences the water and heat redistribution of soil.In alpine mountainous area,the hydrological and energy transfers are more special and complex.Therefore,it is essential to simulate accurately soil temperature in investigating hydrological cycles in alpine mountain⁃ous areas.CLM 5.0(Community Land Model 5.0)is the latest version of the CLM model,which is one of the most advanced land sur⁃face process models in the world.In this paper,the soil temperature simulation performance of CLM 5.0 is evaluated based on the mea⁃sured data of 9 typical observation stations in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin.The results are as follows:(1)CLM 5.0 can well simulate the annual and inter-annual changes of soil temperature in alpine mountainous areas,but the simulated values are gener⁃ally underestimated.(2)The simulation performance of CLM 5.0 on soil temperature in alpine meadow is slightly higher than that in grassland,and it in shallow soil layers is better than in deep soil layers.(3)CLM 5.0 exhibits greater underestimation to soil tempera⁃ture in the non-growth period than in the growth period,and greater underestimation under frozen state than under unfrozen state.(4)The underestimation of CLM 5.0 simulated soil temperature in the non-growth period is mainly due to the underestimation of soil tem⁃perature under frozen state,which results from errors in estimating soil ice.These results provide insights for future applications and im⁃provements of CLM 5.0 in alpine mountainous areas.

关 键 词：CLM 5.0 土壤温度 适用性 高寒山区 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学] P423.3[水利工程—水文学及水资源]