膨胀型钢结构防火涂料的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of intumescent fireproof paint for steel structures

作　　者：秦汝祥[1,2] 葛小丽 滕丽影[1] 徐少伟 谷传尧 QIN Ruxiang;GE Xiaoli;TENG Liying;XU Shaowei;GU Chuanyao(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining(Anhui University of Science and Technology),Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学安全科学与工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]煤炭安全精准开采国家地方联合工程研究中心(安徽理工大学),安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《电镀与涂饰》2023年第12期63-70,共8页Electroplating & Finishing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51874007);煤炭安全精准开采国家地方联合工程研究中心开放基金(EC2021019)。

摘　　要：为提高涂料的耐火性能以更好地保护钢结构,以水性环氧乳液和固化剂作为基料,聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)-三聚氰胺(MEL)作为阻燃体系,可膨胀石墨(EG)作为阻燃助剂,粉煤灰漂珠与纳米TiO2作为填料,研制了一种膨胀型钢结构防火涂料。考察了各组分用量对涂料性能的影响,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对防火涂层燃烧前后的微观结构进行了表征,并分析了涂层厚度对耐火时间的影响。结果表明:水性环氧乳液、固化剂和EG的最佳用量分别为20.0%、4.0%和4.5%,纳米TiO2与粉煤灰漂珠的最佳质量比为1∶1。当APP、MEL和PER的质量分数分别为28.0%、18.0%和18.0%时,涂料的耐火时间最长。发生燃烧之后的“蠕虫”形EG会与基料树脂发生膨胀并与无机层粘合形成无机保护层,膨胀体系相互发生反应,粉煤灰漂珠均匀完整地附着在基材表面,使之具有良好的隔热性能。所制备的防火涂料的最佳涂覆厚度为1.9 mm,耐火时间为107 min。To improve the fire resistance of the coating for better protecting the steel structures,an intumescent fireproof paint was prepared with waterborne epoxy emulsion as binder with compactable curing agent,ammonium polyphosphate(APP),pentaerythritol(PER),and melamine(MEL)as fire retardants,expandable graphite(EG)as fire-retardant additive,and fly ash beads and nano-TiO2 particles as fillers.The effects of the amount of each component on the properties of coating were examined.The microstructure of the coating before and after combustion was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the effect of the thickness of coating on its fire resistance was analyzed.The results showed that the optimum amount was 20.0%for waterborne epoxy emulsion,4.0%for curing agent,and 4.5%for EG,and the optimum mass ratio of nano-TiO2 to fly ash bead was 1:1.The coating prepared with 28.0%APP,18.0%PER,and 18.0%MEL had the longest fire retardant time.After combustion,the worm-like EG expands with the resin binder and bonds with the inorganic layer,forming an inorganic protective layer.The constituents of the expansion system react with each other,and the fly ash beads are uniformly and entirely attached to the surface of substrate,providing a good thermal insulation performance for the coating.The optimal thickness of the fireproof paint is 1.9 mm and the fire retardant time is as long as 107 min.

关 键 词：钢结构 膨胀型防火涂料 水性环氧乳液 可膨胀石墨 耐火性能 炭层 微观结构 

分 类 号：TU545[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]