国际生物安全发展趋势与对策初探  

A preliminary study on the development trend and countermeasures of International biosafety

作　　者：朱水芳[1] 姜帆[1] ZHU Shuifang;JIANG Fan(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing,100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176

出　　处：《质量安全与检验检测》2023年第3期1-5,共5页QUALITY SAFETY INSPECTION AND TESTING

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFF0601901)。

摘　　要：近年来,世界各国生物安全事件频发,对经济社会造成的损失越来越大,具有全球性破坏力。新型冠状病毒肺炎及非洲猪瘟全球流行,预示着生物恐怖因子对人类、动植物都可能构成毁灭性打击,世界生物安全形势日趋严峻。由于基因工程特别是合成生物学的出现,随之可能产生的超级恐怖生物或超级生物武器,将使人类面临空前的灾难。2001年美国炭疽白粉事件以来,世界各国及国际组织推进生物安全立法、重组执法部门、加大生物安全防控投入和能力建设,但未从根本上改变世界生物安全严峻形势。我国与美国等发达国家相比,国家生物安全防控能力建设尚存在不足,要制订我国需要重点防控的生物恐怖因子名单、全面建设针对重点生物恐怖因子的防控能力、建立科学预测感知超级生物恐怖因子能力、补强防范应对农业生物恐怖的薄弱环节、开展生物恐怖法医学研究。防止世界被生物恐怖毁灭的关键是:世界各国真正履行“禁止生物武器公约”。In recent years,biosafety incidents have occurred frequently in countries all over the world,causing more and more losses to the economy and society,and having global destructive power.The global prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and African swine fever virus indicates that bioterrorism factors may cause devastating blows to humans,animals and plants,and the world's biosecurity situation is becoming increasingly severe.Due to the emergence of genetic engineering,especially synthetic biology,super-terrorist creatures or super-biological weapons may be produced thereupon,which will make human beings face unprecedented disasters.Since the anthrax incident in the United States in 2001,countries and international organizations around the world have promoted biosafety legislation,reorganized law enforcement departments,increased investment in biosafety prevention and control and capacity building,but have not fundamentally changed the severe situation of world biosafety.Compared with developed countries such as the United States,our country still has insufficient national biosecurity prevention and control capacity building.It is necessary to formulate a list of bioterrorism factors that need to be focused on prevention and control,comprehensively build prevention and control capabilities for key bioterrorism factors,establish scientific forecasting and perception for super bioterrorism factors,strengthen the weak links in the prevention and response of agricultural bioterrorism,and conduct bioterrorism forensic research.The key to preventing the world from being destroyed by biological terror is that all countries in the world truly implement the"Convention on the Prohibition of the Development,Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological(Biological)and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction".

关 键 词：生物安全 生物战 生物恐怖 防控能力建设 禁止生物武器公约 

分 类 号：Q-1[生物学]