地区收入不平等与中国居民再分配福利态度——基于CGSS 2015的分析  

Regional Income Inequality and Chinese Public Welfare Attitudes towards Redistribution:Evidence from the CGSS 2015

作　　者：杨琨 彭华民[2] YANG Kun;PENG Huamin

机构地区：[1]河海大学社会学系,南京210098 [2]南京大学社会工作与社会政策系,南京210023

出　　处：《社会工作》2023年第3期1-12,99,100,共14页Journal of Social Work

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“中国居民再分配偏好的影响机制及结构特征研究”(项目编号:21CSH036);教育部重大课题攻关项目“新时代提高保障和改善民生水平研究”(项目编号:18JZD043);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“我国公众再分配福利态度的微观形塑机制研究”(项目编号:B230207050)。

摘　　要：改革开放以来市场经济的高速发展造成居民收入差异扩大,且收入不平等程度存在明显的地区差异,尤以东部地区的部分省份最为严重。本文基于CGSS 2015年数据,采用单因素方法分析与结构方程模型多群组比较分析,发现居民所在地区的收入不平等程度越高,越支持再分配,且居民再分配福利态度的影响路径在地区收入不平等程度不同的三个群组间存在显著差异。再分配福利态度是提升再分配政策有效性与合法性的社会基础。因此,应积极关注与回应收入不平等较高地区居民的再分配福利态度,加大税收、社保、转移支付等调节力度和精准性,推进共同富裕。Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has achieved sustained and rapid development.However,social problems such as social inequality and the rising widen income gap have become increasingly serious.Narrowing the income gap is an important way to achieve common prosperity.The primary distribution is basic-oriented,and the third distribution is supplementary,while redistribution is the key to promoting common prosperity.The implementation of redistributive policies needs to consider whether people have strong demands for redistribution,and the welfare attitudes towards redistribution reflect the degree of public support for and expectations of redistribution.It provides directions for the formulation and implementation of redistributive policies and deserves excellent attention from the government.Therefore,it is critical to understand and investigate public welfare attitudes toward redistribution.Regarding the relationship between income inequality and welfare attitudes towards redistribution,a classic theoretical model,known as the median voter model,has been established by Meltzer and Richard.This theory model points out that widening income inequality leads to higher public support for redistribution in general.In particular,those individuals or households at the median income level,tend to show more support for redistribution.Nevertheless,some scholars argue that there is a negative relationship or no correlation between income inequality and welfare attitudes towards redistribution.There is a lack of empirical research on the relationship between income inequality and redistributive attitudes in developing countries.Some extant studies have found that income inequality has a positive association with public welfare attitudes towards redistribution.In societies with higher levels of income inequality,public support for redistribution is lower.There are significant regional differences in the levels of income inequality in China.The Gini coefficient in the eastern provinces is higher than that in th

关 键 词：再分配福利态度 共同富裕 地区收入不平等 多群组比较分析 社会福利 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]