不同生长抑制剂对盆栽梅花生理特性的影响  

Effects of Different Growth Inhibitors on Physiological Characteristics of Prunus mume

作　　者：张钰晗 韦淋馨 马开峰[1] 张纪堂 李庆卫[1] Zhang Yuhan;Wei Linxin;Ma Kaifeng;Zhang Jitang;Li Qingwei(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Yanling City Forestry Bureau,Henan Province)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]河南省鄢陵县林业局

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第7期61-67,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000500);北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金项目(2019XKJS0324);科学研究与研究生培养共建科研项目(2016GJ-03);北京园林绿化增彩延绿科技创新工程(2019-KJC-02-10)。

摘　　要：以‘骨里红’梅3年生扦插苗为试材,采用叶面喷施方法,对矮壮素(CCC)、多效唑(PBZ)、三碘苯甲酸(TIBA)3种生长抑制剂各设置4个不同质量浓度梯度(矮壮素、多效唑为500、1000、1500、2000 mg·L^(-1);三碘苯甲酸为50、100、150、200 mg·L^(-1)),分析不同质量浓度及种类的抑制剂对营养生长阶段梅花生理特性的影响。结果表明:外施中高质量浓度(≥1000 mg·L^(-1))的多效唑对株高、地径、新梢生长量、当年生枝径的调节作用最强,调节效果显著优于喷施矮壮素、三碘苯甲酸处理。喷施矮壮素、多效唑在不同程度对光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数(C_(i))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))有显著促进作用,而喷施三碘苯甲酸则对植株光合作用有不同程度的抑制。3种抑制剂对‘骨里红’梅的调控效果由大到小依次为多效唑、矮壮素、三碘苯甲酸。外施质量浓度为1500 mg·L^(-1)的多效唑对植物营养生长的促进效果最佳;喷施质量浓度为1500 mg·L^(-1)的矮壮素次之。当喷施的三碘苯甲酸质量浓度高于100 mg·L^(-1)时,多数植株出现了烧苗现象。对于对照,清水、摘心处理优于清水、不摘心处理。Three-year-old Prunus mume‘Gulihong’was used as the test material,and the foliar spraying method was used to inhibit the growth of three kinds of chlorocho-line chloride(CCC),paclobutrazol(PBZ)and triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA).Four different content gradients were set for each agent,and the effects of different concentrations and different types of inhibitors on the physiological characteristics of P.mume in the vegetative growth stage were analyzed for the further development of plant growth inhibitors in the cultivation technology of plum blossom bonsai.The results showed that:(1)Medium and high contents of PBZ(≥1000 mg·L^(-1))had the strongest regulating effect on plant height,ground diameter,shoot growth and the annual branch diameter,and the regulating effect was significantly better than that of CCC and TIBA.(2)CCC and PBZ had significant promoting effects on net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and transpiration rate to different degrees,and TIBA had different degrees of inhibitory effects.On the whole,the regulatory effects of the three inhibitors on P.mume‘Gulihong’are PBZ,CCC,and TIBA in descending order.The external application of PBZ with a mass concentration of 1500 mg·L^(-1) has the best effect on promoting plant vegetative growth,followed by spraying with 1500 mg·L^(-1) of CCC.When TIBA was higher than 100 mg·L^(-1),most of the plants had the phenomenon of burning seedlings after external application of high concentration of TIBA,which affected the overall ornamental quality of the seedlings,and the topping treatment was better than the no topping treatment.

关 键 词：梅花 矮壮素 多效唑 三碘苯甲酸 

分 类 号：S688.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]