风速对马尾松和白栎凋落物床层重要失水时间的影响  

Effect of Wind Speed on Key Water Loss Time of Fuel Bed of Pinus massoniana and Quercus Fabri

作　　者：张运林 田玲玲 代科阳 罗华 Zhang Yunlin;Tian Lingling;Dai Keyang;Luo Hua(Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范学院,贵阳550018

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第7期68-73,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目一般类型(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般158);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2021]251);国家自然科学基金项目(32201563)。

摘　　要：为研究风速对雨后凋落物含水率下降至可能被引燃的含水率(可燃含水率)和可燃含水率下降至蔓延速率倍增含水率所需时间的影响。以马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和白栎(Quercus fabri Hance)凋落物为研究对象,室内构造不同压缩比的凋落物床层,模拟不同风速时凋落物床层失水过程,得到不同风速和压缩比条件的2个失水时间,并进行影响因子分析,建立失水时间预测模型,评价模型精度。结果表明:有风条件下,马尾松针叶床层含水率从雨后降至可燃和从可燃降至蔓延速度倍增所需的时间均值分别为1.123、0.487 h,白栎阔叶床层分别为0.819、0.418 h;2个失水时间随风速增加呈指数下降趋势,随压缩比的增加呈线性增加;基于风速和压缩比建立失水时间预测模型,马尾松和白栎2种凋落物床层的2个失水时间预测模型的平均误差分别为8.248%、13.205%和9.485%、13.635%,都在误差允许范围内。The experiment was conducted to study the effect of wind speed on the time required for the moisture content of forest litter to the point where it may be ignited(combustible moisture content)and the time required for the moisture content of forest litter to decline to the spread rate doubling moisture content.With the litter of Pinus massoniana and Quercus fabri Hance,we constructed litter beds with different compactness indoors,simulated the drying process of litter beds under different wind speeds and compactness,obtained two drying times under different wind speeds and compactness,analyzed the influence factors,established the prediction model of drying time,and evaluated the accuracy of the model.The mean time required for moisture content of P.massoniana under windy conditions.Conifer bed to decrease from rain to combustible and from combustible to spread rate doubling were 1.123 and 0.487 h,respectively,and those of Q.fabri broadleaf bed were 0.819 and 0.418 h,respectively.The two drying times decrease exponentially with the increase of wind speed and increase linearly with the increase of compactness.The prediction model of drying time was established based on wind speed and compactness.The mean relative errors of the prediction models of drying time of P.massoniana and Q.fabri litter beds were 8.248%and 13.205%,and 9.485%and 13.635%,respectively,which were both within the allowable range of error.

关 键 词：风速 凋落物 压缩比 失水时间 林火管理 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]