中亚热带不同演替森林群落林地土壤渗透性特征  

Soil Permeability Characteristics of Woodland in Different Succession Forest Communities in Central Subtropics

作　　者：朱梦雪 王克勤[1] 赵洋毅[1] 涂晓云 Zhu Mengxue;Wang Keqin;Zhao Yangyi;Tu Xiaoyun(Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,昆明650224

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第7期128-134,161,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42067005);云南省基础研究计划面上项目(202001AT070136);云南省省级人才专项项目(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-215;YNWR-QNBJ-2019-226);国家林草局林业科技创新平台运行项目:云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站项目(2020132078);云南玉溪森林生态系统国家长期科研基地项目(2020132550);云南省自然生态监测网络项目(2022-YN-13)。

摘　　要：以滇中磨盘山演替初期云南松林、演替中期云南松阔叶树混交林和演替顶级常绿阔叶林为研究对象,利用定水头法和原状土柱水分穿透试验,分析土壤水分入渗差异及影响因子。结果表明:3种不同演替群落土壤平均入渗速率,从大到小依次为演替顶级、演替中期、演替初期,演替顶级林地土壤入渗能力最强;不同群落各入渗参数变化显著(P<0.05);同一演替群落,上层土壤渗透能力较深层土壤强。入渗过程模型拟合得,Horton模型对研究区森林土壤入渗过程拟合精度最高,为0.991,更适于描述土壤水分入渗过程;通径分析显示,土壤质地、有机质质量分数及根长密度对土壤水分入渗影响显著(P<0.05);弹性系数和边际量效应系数表明,土壤有机质、全氮、水解性氮质量分数和根长密度对土壤的入渗性能影响系数最大。土壤渗透性与有机质、全氮、水解性氮质量分数、植被根长密度、根质量密度等显著相关(P<0.05),有机质、全氮和水解性氮质量分数越高,植被根系分布越广,土壤质量越好,土壤孔隙连通性越佳,土壤水分下渗越快。Taking Pinus yunnanensis Franch in the early stage of succession,P.yunnanensis broad-leaved mixed forest in the middle stage of succession,and evergreen broad-leaved in the top community in Mopan Mountain of central Yunnan as the research objects,the fixed head method was the original soil column used to analyze the difference in soil water infiltration and its influencing factors.The results revealed that the average infiltration rate of soil in three different successional communities was in descending order of top succession,middle succession,and early succession period,and the top community had the strongest soil infiltration capacity.The infiltration parameters of different communities varied significantly(P<0.05).In the same succession forest,the infiltration capacity of surface soil was stronger than that of deep soil.According to the infiltration process model,the Horton model had the highest fitting accuracy for the forest soil infiltration process in the study area(0.991),which was more suitable for describing the soil water infiltration process.By the path analysis,soil texture,organic matter contentand root length density were significantly correlated with soil water infiltration(P<0.05).The elastic coefficient and marginal effect coefficient showed that soil organic matter,total nitrogen content,hydrolysable nitrogen content and root length density had the greatest influence on soil infiltration performance.Soil permeability had a significant correlation with organic matter,total nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen content,root density and root density(P<0.05).The higher the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and hydrolysablenitrogen were,the wider the distribution of vegetation roots was,which not only improved soil quality and soil pore connectivity,but also accelerated soil water infiltration and improved soil permeability.

关 键 词：演替群落 土壤入渗 水分入渗系数 入渗性能 

分 类 号：S714.5[农业科学—林学]