苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种和中华甲虫蒲螨对冷杉梢斑螟的杀虫作用  

Insecticidal Effects of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai and Pyemotes zhonghuajia on Dioryctria abietella

作　　者：王倩倩 迟德富[1] Wang Qianqian;Chi Defu(Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第7期146-154,共9页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1401000)。

摘　　要：为阐明苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai Bonnefoi et de Barjac)和中华甲虫蒲螨(Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu,Zhang and He)分别对冷杉梢斑螟(Dioryctria abietella)老熟幼虫的杀虫效果及对酶活性的影响,以冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫为研究对象,分别采用不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种浸泡的饲料饲喂冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫,和接入不同数量中华甲虫蒲螨到冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫上,测定两者分别对梢斑螟死亡率以及相应酶活性影响。结果表明:苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种作用于冷杉梢斑螟致死率高达100%,致死中浓度为6584.065菌落/mL。冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫在取食不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种后,对解毒酶乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;对羧酸酯酶有抑制作用;过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶随苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种菌浓度的升高以及作用时间的延长,表现出逐渐抑制的作用。中华甲虫蒲螨寄生冷杉梢斑螟,致死率高达90%,半数致死数量为27.454头。中华甲虫蒲螨处理对乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30、1∶40、1∶50时,冷杉梢斑螟幼虫过氧化氢酶表现出抑制-激活-抑制的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶60时,表现为全部抑制作用;对羧酸酯酶和过氧化物酶多表现出抑制作用,虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30时,表现出抑制-激活的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶40、1∶50、1∶60时,表现出抑制的作用。苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种和中华甲虫蒲螨主要通过释放毒素来扰乱冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫保护解毒酶系动态平衡,干扰幼虫的正常生理代谢,从而起到毒杀冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫的作用。The experiment was conducted to elucidate the insecticidal efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai bonnefoi et de Barjac(Bta)and Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu,Zhang and He alone,as well as their effects on the enzyme activities of the mature larvae of the Dioryctria abietella.The mature larvae of the D.abietella were used chosed and Bta and P.zhonghuajia were used to treated those larvae separately.Those mature larvae were fed with different concentrations of Bta or different numbers of P.zhonghuajia to analyze their effects on the mortality and enzyme activities of D.abietella.The highest mortalityof D.abietella larvae treated by Bta reached 100%,and the LC 50 was 6584.065 CFU/mL.The detoxification enzymes acetylcholine esterase(AChE)and glutathione S transferases(GSTs)of those larvae fed different concentrations of Bta were activated at different times after treatment.The activity of carboxylesterase(CarE),Catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)were gradually inhibited with the increase of Bta concentration or the time prolongation of Bta treatment.The mortality of D.abietella larvae treated by P.zhonghuajia was as high as 90%,and the LD 50 was 27.454.After treatment,both AChE and GSTs were activated.The activity of CAT of D.abietella treated underthe ratio of larvae and P.zhonghuajia equal to1∶20,1∶30,1∶40 and 1∶50 showed inhibited-activated-inhibited pattern,and under 1∶60 showed been inhibited.The activity of CarE and POD of D.abietella treated under the ratio of larvae and P.zhonghuajia equal to 1∶20 or 1∶30 showed the activitywas activated,while under 1∶40,1∶50 and 1∶60 showed that was inhibited.Bta and P.zhonghuajia poison and kill the mature larvae of D.abietella by releasing toxins,disrupting the dynamic balance of protective and detoxifying enzymes,and interfering with the normal physiological metabolism of larvae.

关 键 词：冷杉梢斑螟 苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种 中华甲虫蒲螨 解毒酶 保护酶 

分 类 号：S763.3[农业科学—森林保护学]