北五味子藤茎精油EP-SFME法提取工艺优化及精油主要成分和抗氧化活性测定  

Extraction Process of Essential Oil from Stem of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus by EP-SFME Method and Its Main Components and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil

作　　者：孙宇[1] 王金麟[2] 贾树龙 李慧[2] 魏菱鸽 路祺[2] Sun Yu;Wang Jinlin;Jia Shulong;Li Hui;Wei Lingge;Lu Qi(Heilongjiang Ecological Engineering Vocational College,Harbin 150000,P.R.China;Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江生态工程职业学院,哈尔滨150000 [2]东北林业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第7期162-168,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022C005)。

摘　　要：为了解决传统精油提取工艺时间长、效率低、耗能高和成本高等问题,采用酶解预处理联合无溶剂微波法(EP-SFME)提取北五味子藤茎精油,依据单因素实验和响应面法,优化获得最佳提取工艺,通过二次回归模型考察微波功率、酶解温度、微波时间对北五味子藤茎精油产量的影响,并进行试验验证。同时,对北五味子藤茎精油进行了成分组成、抗氧化以及乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性分析。结果表明:通过二次多项式回归模型,试验失拟项F值为1.29,P值为0.3916,表明该模型拟合良好。决定系数(R~2)为0.9833,预测R~2为0.8551,表明预测值与实际值相关度较高,模型可应用于分析和预测北五味子藤茎精油产量。在最优工艺条件(酶解温度为50℃,微波功率为480 W,微波时间为45 min,酶用量为2%,酶解时间为2 h)下,北五味子藤茎精油产量为(3.21±0.03)mg/g。气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析结果表明,新鲜北五味子藤茎精油的主要活性成分是橙花叔醇、β-榄香烯和4-萜醇。在EP-SFME法提取的精油中,这3种主要成分的相对质量分数最高,特别是橙花叔醇的相对质量分数是水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)的2.09倍。另外,EP-SFME法提取的精油中的含氧化合物峰面积占比为33.02%,比SD法(15.63%)高17.39%。与SD法相比,EP-SFME法提取新鲜北五味子藤茎精油具有更强的抗氧化活性和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性。EP-SFME是一种更具有优势的提取新鲜北五味子藤茎精油的方法。In order to solve the traditional extraction process,such as long time,low efficiency,high energy consumption and high cost,enzymatic pretreatment combined with solvent-free microwave method was used to extract the essential oil from the fresh stem of Schisandra chinensis.The optimal extraction process was determined by single factor and response surface experiments.The effects of microwave power,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and microwave time on essential oil yield were investigated by quadratic regression model and verified by experiments.The composition,antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity ofessential oil were analyzed.The results showed the F value and P value of quadratic regression model were 1.29 and 0.3916,which indicated the model had a good fit.The determination coefficient R 2(0.9833)[JP]and the predicted R 2(0.8551)indicated that the predicted value had a high correlation with the actual value and the model could be used to analyze and predict the essential oil yield.Under the optimal conditions(enzymolysis temperature 50℃,microwave power 480 W,microwave time 45 min,enzyme dosage 2%,and enzymolysis time 2 h),the essential oil yield was(3.21±0.03)mg/g.The results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometryanalysis showed that the main active components of essential oil from the fresh stem of S.chinensis were nerolidol,β-elemene and 4-terpene alcohol.The relative contents of three main active components were the highest in the essential oil extracted by EP-SFME method,especially the relative content of nerolidol was 2.09 times that of steam distillation(SD)method.In addition,the proportion of oxygen-containing compounds in essential oil extracted by EP-SFME method was 33.02%,which was 17.39%higher than that by SD method(15.63%).The essential oil extracted by EP-SFME method from the fresh stem of S.chinensis had stronger antioxidant activityand acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity than that by SD method.EP-SFME method was a more advantageous method to extract essentia

关 键 词：北五味子藤茎 酶解预处理联合无溶剂微波提取法 精油成分 抗氧化 乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性 

分 类 号：TQ654.2[化学工程—精细化工]