玉米自交系2408测配的杂交种产量及农艺性状分析  

Analysis of Yield and Agronomic Traits of Maize Hybrids Bred from Inbred Line 2408

作　　者：马陈宇 刘朝睿 吕建国 周冬艳 叶芝兰 Ma Chenyu;Liu Chaorui;Liu Jianguo;Zhou Dongyan;Ye Zhilan(College of Agriculture and Biology Science,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan 671003,China;Yunnan Zufeng Seed Industry Co.,Ltd,Dali,Yunnan 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学农学与生物科学学院,云南大理671003 [2]云南足丰种业有限公司,云南大理671003

出　　处：《大理大学学报》2023年第6期88-94,共7页Journal of Dali University

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划项目(202201AU070003,202301AT070025);大理大学博士科研启动项目(KYBS2021068)。

摘　　要：优良的自交系是选育优良杂交种的基础,分析杂交玉米的产量和相关农艺性状有利于加速育种工作的进程。以玉米自交系2408和其他106个玉米自交系为材料,将2408分别与106个玉米自交系进行测配,对测配组合的产量和产量构成因素等农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:杂交组合2635、2709、2674的产量相对较高;杂交组合的产量与相关农艺性状的关联度大小依次为:株高>穗粗>出籽率>水分>穗行数>行粒数>穗长>穗位>5穗干重>5穗籽粒重>百粒重>雄穗分枝数>秃尖;5穗籽粒重和5穗干重的关联度最大,株高、穗粗、出籽率、水分、穗行数之间的关系比较紧密,秃尖对各性状的贡献率最小。在后续的育种工作中可以通过株高、穗粗、出籽率这3个性状,来选育高产优质的杂交玉米新品种以及相应的优良自交系,为云南省高原玉米的品种选育和推广奠定基础。Superior maize in bred lines are the basis of selecting superior hybrids,analysis of yield and related agronomic traits of hybrid maize is beneficial to accelerate the process of breeding.In this study,maize inbred line 2408 and other 106 inbred lines were used as materials,then 2408 was tested and matched with 106 inbred lines,respectively,then their agronomic traits of the yield and yield components of the test combination were analyzed.The results showed that the yields of crosses 2635,2709 and 2674 were relatively high.The correlation degrees between the yield of cross combinations and related agronomic traits were shown as follows:plant height>ear diameter>kernel percentage>water content>rows per ear>kernels per rows>ear length>ear height>5 ears dry weight>5 ears grain weight>hundred-grain weight>tassel branch number>length of bare tip.The correlative degree between 5 ears grain weight and 5 ears dry weight was the highest,the relationship among plant height,ear diameter,kernel percentage,water content and rows per ear was relatively close,and the contribution of bare tip length to each character was the least.Therefore,in the subsequent breeding work,the three traits of plant height,ear diameter and kernel percentage can be used to select new hybrid maize varieties with high yield and good quality and corresponding excellent inbred lines,so as to further lay the foundation for the breeding and promotion of plateau maize varieties in Yunnan Province.

关 键 词：玉米自交系 杂交种 产量 农艺性状 关联度分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]