种源和施肥对文冠果容器苗生长的影响  

Effects of Provenance and Fertilization on the Growth of Container Seedlings of Xanthoceras sorbifolium

作　　者：刘思雪 敖妍 雒小菲 朱菲 姜雅歌 侯新村[2] 刘金凤 谢飞 李守科 陈仁鹏 Liu Sixue;Ao Yan;Luo Xiaofei;Zhu Fei;Jiang Yage;Hou Xincun;Liu Jinfeng;Xie Fei;Li Shouke;Chen Renpeng(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Institute of Grassland,Flowers and Ecology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences;Shengda Ecological Forest Farm of Shengli Oil Field;Forest and Grassland Protection and Development Center of Chifeng City;Woqi Rural Revitalization Industry Development Limited Company of Shandong Province;Forestry Development Center of Anqiu City)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]北京市农林科学院草业花卉与景观生态研究所 [3]胜利油田胜大生态林场 [4]内蒙古赤峰市森林草原保护发展中心 [5]山东沃奇农业开发有限公司 [6]安丘市林业发展中心

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第8期1-8,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFD2200402);国家自然科学基金项目(32071738)。

摘　　要：在北京市鹫峰国家森林公园北京林业大学科技温室内,以塑料营养杯(深度20 cm、上口径10 cm,体积1050 mL)为育苗容器、丹麦进口草炭土与珍珠岩混合(体积比V(草炭土)∶V(珍珠岩)=3∶1)为育苗基质、美国Scotts公司生产的奥绿精准配方肥(铵态氮占质量比8.4%+硝态氮占质量比6.6%+磷元素占质量比3.9%+钾元素占质量比9.1%+微量元素)为缓释肥(播种前将肥料均匀拌入基质中)、采自4个种源(内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗(简称阿旗)、河南陕县(简称陕县)、新疆木垒(简称木垒)、内蒙古翁牛特旗(简称翁旗))的文冠果种子为试验种子;试验采用双因素完全随机区组设计,4个种源施肥量(以施氮质量计)分别为40、80、120、160、200 mg/株(即基质中施用缓释肥0.25、0.51、0.76、1.02、1.27 g/L);2019年4月2日播种,自4月28日起每10 d测定1次苗高、地径,苗高测定至封顶(8月14日),地径测定至生长季末(9月4日);以4个种源文冠果1年生容器苗为研究对象,应用根系扫描分析系统(WinRHIZO)测算根系长度、表面积、体积等指标,同时将根系径级(d)分为05 mm;以文冠果容器苗苗高、地径、生物量、根系形态为评价指标,应用方差分析法、邓肯(Duncan)多重比较法、隶属函数法,分析种源和施肥对文冠果容器苗生长的影响。结果表明:文冠果苗高生长呈先快后慢的趋势,存在1个生长高峰期;地径生长存在2个高峰期。种源和施肥协同作用对茎生物量、根茎比、径级2 mm<d≤5mm根系长度、径级2mm<d≤5mm根系表面积、根系总长度影响显著。“阿旗种源+施肥160mg/株”协同作用显著促进茎生物量积累,“陕县种源+施肥160mg/株”协同作用显著促进径级2mm<d≤5mm根系长度和表面积增大,并提高根系总长度。主效应分析表明,种源对苗高、根生物量、径级d<2mm的根系各指标、径级为2mm<d≤5mm的根系体积、根系总表面积、根系总体积影响显著;阿�In the science and technology greenhouse of Beijing Forestry University in Jiufeng National Forest Park in Beijing,the plastic nutrition cups(depth 20 cm,upper diameter 10 cm,volume 1050 mL)were used as seedling containers.Peat soil imported from Denmark and perlite were mixed at a volume ratio of 3∶1 as the seedling substrate.The Osmocote Exact Standard formula fertilizer(8.4%by mass of ammonium nitrogen+6.6%by mass of nitrate nitrogen+3.9%by mass of phosphorus element+9.1%by mass of potassium element+trace elements)produced by The Scotts Company(U.S.)was used as slow-release fertilizer(mixed the fertilizer evenly into the substrate before sowing).Xanthoceras sorbifolium seeds collected from four provenances Alukeerqin Qi in Inner Mongolia(Aqi),Shanxian in Henan Province(Shanxian),Muli in Xinjiang(Muli)and Wengniute Qi in Inner Mongolia(Wengqi)were used as experimental seeds.The experiment was carried out by using the two-factor completely randomize block design.The fertilization amount(in terms of nitrogen applied mass)of the 4 provenances was 40,80,120,160 and 200 mg·ind.^(-1)respectively(i.e.0.25,0.51,0.76,1.02 and 1.27 g·L^(-1)slow-release fertilizer was applied to the substrate).Sowing on 2 nd April 2019,the seedling height and ground diameter were measured every 10 days from 28 th April.The seedling height was measured until the seedlings formed the terminal bud(14 th August),and the ground diameter was measured to the end of the growing season(4 th September).The 1-year-old container seedlings of X.sorbifolium from four provenances were used as the research objects.The root system scanning and analysis system(WinRHIZO)was used to measure the root system length,surface area and volume,and the root diameter class(d)was divided into 0<d≤2 mm,2 mm<d≤5 mm,d>5 mm.The height,ground diameter,biomass,and root morphology of container seedlings of X.sorbifolium were used as evaluation indicators.Variance analysis,Duncan multiple comparison method and membership function method were used to analyze the effect

关 键 词：种源 施肥 文冠果 容器苗生长 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学] S723.7