松北国家湿地公园浮游植物群落结构特征与水质评价  

Phytoplankton Community Characteristics and Water Quality Assessment in Songbei National Wetland Park,Harbin

作　　者：王云瑞 徐甜甜 董文涛 于洪贤 Wang Yunrui;Xu Tiantian;Dong Wentao;Yu Hongxian(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150036,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150036

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第8期71-76,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC05004301)。

摘　　要：为了掌握哈尔滨市松北国家湿地公园水体浮游植物群落结构和水质状况,于2021年5、7和9月份对湿地公园进行了浮游植物群落结构及水环境因子的监测。应用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和相关理化指标对水质状况进行了评价。采用冗余分析,探讨了浮游植物群落主要优势种与环境因子的关系。结果表明:共鉴定出藻类8门51属96种,主要由绿藻门(17属34种)、硅藻门(13属29种)、蓝藻门(10属14种)、裸藻门(4属11种)等组成。3个月份共调查出优势种14种,主要以硅藻门和绿藻门为主。浮游植物年均丰度为38.97×10^(4)个/L,7月份的丰度最高,达到57.23×10^(4)个/L;9月份最低,仅为13.24×10^(4)个/L。由Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)与Pielou均匀度指数(J)综合分析结果显示,该水域水体呈现出轻度污染至中度污染状态。冗余分析(RDA)表明,水温、总氮、总磷、化学需氧量和溶解氧是影响松北国家湿地公园浮游植物群落结构的主要水环境因子。To master the phytoplankton community structure and water quality in Songbei National Wetland Park,Harbin,the phytoplankton community structure and water environmental factors were monitored in May,July and September.Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′),Pielou evenness index(J)and related physicochemical indexes were used to evaluate the water quality.The relationship between the main phytoplankton groups and environmental factors was discussed by redundancy analysis.The results showed that 96 species were detected,belonging to 51 genera and 8 phyla,mainly composed of Chlorophyta(34 species belonging to 17 genera),Diatom(29 species belonging to 13 genera),cyanobacteria(14 species belonging to 10 genera),and Nudialgae(11 species belonging to 4 genera).A total of 14 dominant species were investigated in the three months,mainly composed of diatoms and chlorophyta.The average annual abundance of phytoplankton was 38.97×10^(4)ind./L,and the highest abundance was 57.23×10^(4)ind/L in July.The lowest value was 13.24×10^(4)ind/L in September.The comprehensive analysis results of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′)and Pielou evenness index(J)showed that the water body in this area presented a state of mild to moderate pollution.By RDA analysis,water temperature,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton community structure in Songbei National Wetland Park.

关 键 词：湿地公园 浮游植物 群落结构 水质评价 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]