鬼伞属中国新记录种——椰枣色孢鬼伞  

A New Recorded Species of Coprinusin China:Coprinus spadiceisporus

作　　者：武艳群 何轶榕 刘淑琴 王腾云 孟俊龙[1] 常明昌[1] 王术荣[1] Wu Yanqun;He Yirong;Liu Shuqin;Wang Tengyun;Meng Junlong;Chang Mingchang;Wang Shurong(Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学,太谷030801

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2023年第8期136-139,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：山西省黄土高原食用菌重点实验室项目(202104010910035);食用菌山西省科技创新重点团队项目(201805D131009)。

摘　　要：对采自山西省五台山自然保护区的一份鬼伞属标本进行详细的形态学观察,包括其菌盖、菌柄、菌褶等宏观结构以及孢子、担子、囊状体等微观结构。结果表明:其主要特征为子实体较小;菌盖白色至黄褐色,直径3~4 cm;菌褶直生,微微发黄,从白色逐渐变成黑褐色,致密,长度不一,不等长;孢子为暗褐色,椭圆形至宽椭圆形,表面光滑,(9.0~11.0)μm×(5.5~6.5)μm;担子(28.0~40.0)μm×(10.0~28.0)μm,具有4个担子小梗;缘囊体(20.0~50.0)μm×(10.0~25.0)μm,无其他囊状体。通过rDNA内转录间隔区(ITS)的特异性扩增、序列比对,发现该标本的序列与椰枣色孢鬼伞(Coprinus spadiceisporus)Bogart的序列相似度高达100%。基于内转录间隔区序列,采用最大似然法(ML)、贝叶斯分析法(BI)构建的系统发育树也支持此物种为椰枣色孢鬼伞(Coprinus spadiceisporus),支持值分别为100、1。综合形态学、分子鉴定以及系统发育树的分析,确定采自山西省五台山自然保护区的大型真菌标本为鬼伞属中国新记录种——椰枣色孢鬼伞。The morphological characteristics of a specimen of Coprinus collected from Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve in Shanxi Province were observed in detail,including the macrostructure of its pileus,stipe,and lamella,and the microstructure of its basidiospores,basidia and cystidia.The results showed that its main characteristics were:small basidiocarps;pileus white to yellowish brown,3-4 cm in diameter;lamellae linear,light yellow,gradually change from white to dark brown,dense,unequal in length;Spores oval to wide oval,(9.0-11.0)μm×(5.5-6.5)μm,with smooth surface;Basidia(28-40)μm×(10-28)μm with 4 basidiophores;Cheilocystidia(20-50)×(10-25)μm,other cystidia absent.Through the polymerase chain reaction and sequence alignment of the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)of rDNA,showed that the sequence of the specimen was 100%similar to C.spadiceisporus Bogart,the phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequence constructed by maximum likelihood(ML)and Bayesian Inference(BI)also supported that this species is C.spadiceisporus,with a support value of 100(ML)and 1(BI).Combined the analysis of morphology,molecular identification and phylogenetic tree,it is determined that the macrofungi specimen collected from Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve in Shanxi Province is C.spadiceisporus,a new record species of Coprinusin China.

关 键 词：鬼伞属 鉴定 分子系统发育 新记录种 

分 类 号：Q949.392.81[生物学—植物学] Q914.83[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]