光学遥感卫星在轨绝对辐射定标:进展与趋势  

On-orbit absolute radiometric calibration for optical remote sensing satellites:Progress and trends

作　　者：马灵玲 王宁 高彩霞 赵永光 杨本永[2] 王新鸿 韩启金[3] 徐娜[4] 宋培兰 刘耀开 MA Lingling;WANG Ning;GAO Caixia;ZHAO Yongguang;YANG Benyong;WANG Xinhong;HAN Qijin;XU Na;SONG Peilan;LIU Yaokai(Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;China Centre for Resources Satellite Data and Application,Beijing 100094,China;National Meteorological Satellite Center,Beijing 100081,China;College of Optoelectronics,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,中国科学院定量遥感信息技术重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,合肥230031 [3]中国资源卫星应用中心,北京100094 [4]国家卫星气象中心,北京100081 [5]中国科学院大学光电学院,北京100049

出　　处：《遥感学报》2023年第5期1061-1087,共27页NATIONAL REMOTE SENSING BULLETIN

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2018YFB0504800,2018YFB0504805,2018YFB0504900,2018YFB0504903)~~。

摘　　要：在轨绝对辐射定标是光学遥感卫星数据定量化应用的前提。载荷上天后,由于星上定标基准传递链路复杂,实现难度大,而以地面目标测量为参照基准的场地定标受尺度效应、大气条件、环境变化等不确定因素影响,时至今日,遥感载荷在轨定标的精准性、一致性、可追溯性问题,仍属亟待解决的国际难题。对此瓶颈问题的突破在于利用“定标星”搭载空间辐射基准载荷,通过与其他卫星载荷同时观测目标场景的方式,将高精准的空间辐射测量基准从天基标准辐射定标系统向光学遥感业务卫星传递,并准确核算传递路径中各环节的不确定因素,保证不同遥感卫星数据产品质量的高一致、可追溯。本文从光学遥感在轨辐射定标技术需求出发,回顾了星上定标、场地定标、交叉定标、月球定标等光学遥感卫星主要在轨辐射定标方法的发展历程及技术挑战,介绍了当前国际前沿的空间辐射测量基准传递定标技术,其将可溯源至SI的辐射基准源引入少量基准卫星,通过同时观测相同地月目标场景的交叉定标方式将统一的高精度空间辐射测量基准传递至多系列卫星,在大幅度提升定标整体水平的同时,保证多源卫星数据质量的高一致性与高稳定性。On-orbit absolute radiometric calibration is an important prerequisite for the quantitative application of optical remote sensing satellite data.Given the complicated transfer chain of the radiometric benchmark that is difficult to realize,traditional field calibration(which takes at-ground measured target characteristics as a radiometric benchmark)may be inevitably affected by uncertainty factors,such as scale effect,atmospheric condition,and space environment perturbation.To date,the accuracy,consistency,and traceability of on-orbit radiometric calibration are still difficult to be solved.To address these problems,the“calibration benchmark satellite”can be used to carry spaceborne radiometric benchmark sensors and transfer their high-accuracy radiometric measurement values to other operational optical remote sensing satellites by synchronously observing the same at-ground targets/scenes.By precisely assessing the uncertainties introduced in various steps in the whole transfer chain,high consistency and traceability among different satellite remote sensing products can be achieved.In this study,starting with the technical requirements of on-orbit radiometric calibration for optical remote sensing satellites,the authors reviewed and described the developing processes and technical challenges related to common methods of on-orbit radiometric calibration,such as on-board,field,cross,and lunar-based calibrations.Furthermore,the most advanced calibration technology at present,namely,space-borne radiometric benchmark transfer calibration,was illustrated.In this advanced calibration scheme,radiometric benchmark sources that are traceable to the international system of units are installed in a small number of benchmark satellites.Consistent,high-accuracy,on-board radiometric benchmarks can be transferred to multi-series of operational satellites by means of cross-calibration based on synchronous observation of Earth/moon scenes.This calibration scheme is expected to extensively improve the international technical le

关 键 词：光学遥感 辐射定标 基准传递 可追溯性 

分 类 号：P2[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]