基于高分遥感影像的露天矿区土地利用动态监测——以平朔矿区为例  

Landuse Dynamic Monitoring in Open-pit Mining Area based on High-resolution Remote Sensing Image:A Case Study of Pingshuo Mining Area

作　　者：范沛薇 郝蒙蒙[1] 江东[1] 丁方宇 FAN Peiwei;HAO Mengmeng;JIANG Dong;DING Fangyu(Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization and Environmental Remediation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所、资源利用与环境修复重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2023年第2期274-284,共11页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(NO.2019YFC0507805)。

摘　　要：煤炭能源是我国能源体系的重要组成部分,煤炭的露天开采相较于井工开采对周边环境影响更加深远。平朔矿区是我国早期开发的露天矿区,主要采用边修复边开采的露天开采模式,导致矿区内部土地利用变化较快,亟需高效、准确提取各类地物类型及监测其生态恢复情况。以多期高分辨率影像为数据基础,通过多尺度分割和机器学习的面向对象分类方法,提取了研究区2013~2020年的土地利用信息,并进一步分析了平朔露天矿区的土地利用动态变化情况。结果表明:2013~2020年,矿区逐年向东迁移,矿区面积减少7.84 km^(2),农田面积减少36.08 km^(2),林地和草地面积增加64.77 km^(2),水体、排土场、矿区面积减少低于10 km^(2)。研究区内土地利用面积变化分析结果表明,绿色矿山建设效果显著。结合平朔煤矿绿色发展政策,本研究将为绿色矿山建设评价提供方法和数据支撑。Coal energy is an important component of China's energy system,and the open pit mining of coal has a more profound impact on the surrounding environment than well mining.Pingshuo Mining Area is an early open-pit coal mine developed in China,which mainly adopts the mining mode of mining while repairing,resulting in rapid land use changes in the mining area,and it is urgent to efficiently and accurately extract various types of land objects and monitor their ecological restoration.Based on multi-period high-resolution image data,this paper extracted the land use information of the study area from 2013 to 2020 through multi-scale segmentation and machine learning object-oriented classification method,and further analyzed the dynamic change of land use in Pingshuo open-pit mining area.The results show that from 2013 to 2020,the mining area moved eastward year by year,the mining area decreased by 7.84 km^(2),farmland decreased by 36.08 km^(2),woodland and grassland increased by 64.77 km^(2),and water body,dump and mining area decreased by less than 10 km^(2).The results of the analysis of land use area change in the study area show that the effect of green mine construction is remarkable.Combined with the green development policy of Pingshuo Coal Mine,this study will provide methods and data support for the evaluation of green mine construction.

关 键 词：露天煤矿 高分辨率影像 面向对象 多尺度分割 机器学习 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]