云南江城县爬行动物多样性与保护现状  

Diversity and Conservation Status of Reptiles in Jiangcheng County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：王馨 雷蕾 丁利[2] 陈泽柠 戴蓉 WANG Xin;LEI Lei;DING Li;CHEN Ze-Ning;DAI Rong(Chongqing Natural History Museum,Chongqing 400700;Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041;GuangXi Normal University,Guilin541001;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Biosafety,Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China,State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Wuyi Mountains,Nanjingg210042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆自然博物馆,重庆400700 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [3]广西师范大学,桂林541001 [4]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室国家环境保护武夷山生态环境科学观测研究站,南京2210042

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2023年第3期366-380,共15页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：生态环境部生物多样性调、观察和评估项目(2019-2023)。

摘　　要：云南江城县地处西双版纳生物多样性保护的优先区域,历史上未展开过全面系统的爬行动物资源调查。本研究于2019年5月至2020年9月期间,先后7次(5~10 d/月,8:00时至次日04:00时),调查江城县全域爬行动物多样性。调查采用固定样线法,共设置207条样线,每条长4km,本次调查共记录爬行动物2目17科39属51种,其中国家一级重点保护野生动物物种1种,圆鼻巨蜥(Varanus salvator),国家二级重点保护野生动物物种7种。本次调查发现2新种和1种中国分布新记录及1种云南分布新记录,新种为伯仲钝头蛇(Pareas geminates sp.nov)和滇南竹叶青蛇(Trimeresurus goui sp.nov),中国新记录种为老挝拟须唇蛇(Parafimbrios lao),云南新记录种为崇安斜鳞蛇(Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti)。通过分析发现,江城县爬行动物物种多样性丰富,该区分布的物种区系以东洋界为主,单属种较多,与喜马拉雅-横断山具有一定的联系。其6类生态型中,灌丛石隙型最丰富。垂直分布多样性最丰富的是山坡地带海拔700~1500 m。江城的地理位置以及气候与植被环境,是研究季雨林爬行动物多样性组成的典型区域,本次调查研究弥补了该地区爬行动物多样性文献资料的空白,建议未来维持现有的森林分布格局,加强对该地区爬行动物多样性的研究、监测和保护。[Objectives]Jiangcheng is located in the priority area of biodiversity conservation in Xishuangbanna,where the diversity of reptiles is unclear and reptile resource survey is lack in history.Here,we conducted seven surveys for reptile diversity in Jiangcheng from May 2019 to September 2020.[Methods]Comprehensive surveys have been conducted to evaluate diversity of reptiles by using the fixed line transects method.A total of 207 survey lines were set up,covering a wide range of diverse habitats at different altitudes.The time span of each day is from 8:00 am to about 04:00 am of the next day.Collected specimens were brought back to the laboratory for identification.We use GrcGIS and Excel for data mapping and statistics.For data analysis,we used Berger-parker index(I)to determine dominant species,Margalef index(DMg)to determine species richness,and G-F index(DG-F)to analyze family and genus diversity.[Results]A total of 51 species of reptiles were recorded in Jiangcheng,which belong to 2 orders,17 families,and 39 genera.17species(33.3%)are endangered in China and one Class-I(1.9%)and 7 Class-II(13.7%)nationally protected reptiles were recorded.The dominant species are Hemidactylus bowringii(I=13.3%),Pareas macularius(I=11%),while the rare species are Platysternon megacephalum,Cyclemys oldhami,Varanus salvator and Python bivittatus in Jiangcheng.We found 2 newly identified species which are namely Pareas geminates and Trimeresurus goui.Two species were new records.One of them,Parafimbrios lao,is the new record in China and the other,Pseudoxenodon karlschmidti,is the new record in Yunnan Province.All species can be divided into 6 ecological types,which are residential(3.92%),arboreal(17.65%),bushwood rocky(45.10%),arboreal aquatic(23.53%),aquatic(5.88%)and soil(3.92%,Fig.2).Form the taxon of all,the Testudofomes have high dependence on the aquatic ecological environment,and the Lacertilia and Serpentes have a high dependence on the forest ecological environment.The soil and the residential type are endemic to the Se

关 键 词：爬行动物 生物多样性 新种 新记录种 云南江城 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]