鄂尔多斯高原砒砂岩地区草本物种组成及多样性  

Analysis of herbaceous species composition and diversity in the Ordos Arsenic Sandstone Areas

作　　者：韩高玲 霍建强 赵燕翘 虎瑞 张志山 黄日辉 薛书文 Han Gaoling;Huo Jianqiang;Zhao Yanqiao;Hu Rui;Zhang Zhishan;Huang Rihui;Xue Shuwen(Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524036,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]岭南师范学院地理科学学院,广东湛江524036

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2023年第3期243-251,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0008-3);国家自然科学基金项目(31971529)。

摘　　要：为探究不同类型砒砂岩区草本物种组成、多样性及环境因子对它们的影响,在内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市选择不同类型砒砂岩区,调查草本植物物种组成及多样性。结果表明:不同类型砒砂岩区优势物种组成不同,盖土区为针茅(Stipa capillata)、刺蓬(Salsola tragus)、胡枝子(Lespedeza bicolor)、蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris),盖沙区为针茅、狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、艾蒿(Artemisia argyi),裸露区为刺藜(Chenopodium aristatum)。盖沙区和裸露区的相似性指数为50.0%,盖沙区和盖土区的为63.6%,盖土区和裸露区的为39.1%。不同类型砒砂岩区草本物种多样性指数差异不显著,不同地形部位的均匀度指数差异显著(P=0.027),坡上显著高于坡中和坡下。影响物种组成及多样性因素的主成分分析结果显示,载荷量较高的环境因子有相对湿度、气温、降水量以及土壤含水量,相对湿度、气温、降水量分别占第一主成分的42.4%、44.5%、33.4%,土壤含水量占第二主成分的66.8%,这些影响因素大多与水分相关。明确水分条件与物种多样性的关系有助于更好地进行砒砂岩地区生态恢复、人工植被的构建以及水土流失的治理。In order to explore the species composition and diversity of herbaceous species in different types of arsenic sandstone areas and the impact of environmental factors on them,different types of arsenic sandstone areas were selected in the Inner Mongolia Ordos City,to investigate the species composition and diversity of herbaceous plant.The results showed that:The dominant herbaceous species was different in different types of arsenic sandstone areas.The soil-covered area was Stipa capillata,Salsola tragus,Lespedeza bicolor,Tribulus terrestris;the sand-covered area was S.capillata,Setaria viridis,Artemisia argyi;the bare area was Chenopodium aristatum.The similarity index of sand-covered area and bare area was 50.0%,those of sand-covered area and soil-covered area and soil-covered area and bare area were 63.6%and 39.1%.There was no significant difference in the diversity index of herbaceous species among different types of arsenic sandstone areas.The evenness index of different topographic sites was significantly different(P=0.027),which is significantly higher on the slope than on the middle and lower slopes.The results of principal component analysis showed that relative humidity,air temperature,precipitation and soil water content were the main environmental factors affecting species composition and diversity,relative humidity,air temperature and precipitation accounted for 42.4%,44.5%and 33.4%of the first principal component respectively,and soil moisture accounted for 66.8%of the second principal component.Therefore,understanding the relationship between water conditions and species diversity is helpful for ecological restoration,construction of revegetation and control of soil erosion in arsenic sandstone areas.This study can provide a near-natural plant spatial allocation model for vegetation restoration in arsenic sandstone area,so as to promote the effect of ecological restoration.

关 键 词：砒砂岩 草本植物 物种组成 物种多样性 水分 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]