秸秆机械化还田技术强制性变迁的选择逻辑与干预效果差异  

The Selection Logic and Intervention Effect Difference of Compelled Changes of Mechanized Straw Retuning Technology

作　　者：廖小静 张骏逸 宁可[3,4] LIAO Xiao-jing;ZHANG Jun-yi;NING Ke(Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;Bank of Nanjing,Nanjing 210019;Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]南京银行资产负债管理部,江苏南京210019 [3]浙江农林大学经济管理学院,浙江杭州311300 [4]浙江农林大学浙江省乡村振兴研究院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《江西财经大学学报》2023年第3期107-120,共14页Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“农业面源污染治理市场化空间、政府责任边界与共治机制研究”(18BGL164);国家自然科学基金青年项目“质量监督视角下亲环境机械外包服务供求机制及激励政策优化研究”(72203207);国家自然科学基金青年项目“南方集体林区林下立体经营技术的扩散机制及采用行为干预研究”(72003177)。

摘　　要：基于技术变迁理论,探讨了秸秆机械化还田技术强制性变迁路径选择的理论逻辑,分析了不同政策干预措施对不同经营规模农户采用秸秆机械化还田技术的差异化影响机制,并利用黑龙江、浙江、河南、四川4省679户农户调研数据进行实证研究。研究表明,秸秆机械化还田技术具有短期经济效益有限、正外部性强与易受制度环境约束的特点,相比诱致性变迁,强制性变迁更容易实现。强制性变迁路径下,政府不同干预措施效果存在明显差异,经济激励和行为管制分别对规模户和小农户采用秸秆机械化还田技术具有正向影响。上述结论意味着,要缓解我国秸秆机械化还田技术“推而不广”的现实困境,一方面要分别对规模户实施以经济激励为主、小农户实施以行为管制为主的政策工具,提高秸秆机械化还田技术强制性变迁效果;另一方面要从改善土地条件、加强技术创新、提高农机服务质量等方面提升短期经济效益,尽可能为秸秆机械化还田诱致性变迁创造条件。Based on the theory of technological changes,this paper discusses the theoretical logic of the path selection of the compelled changes of mechanized straw returning technology,analyzes the differential impact mechanism of different policy interventions on farmers with different operation scales in using mechanized straw returning technology,and conducts an empirical study by making use of the survey data of 679 farmers in the four provinces,i.e.,Heilongjiang,Zhejiang,Henan and Sichuan.The findings show that the mechanized straw returning technology has the characteristics of limited short term economic benefits,strong positive externality and easy constraints of institutional environment.Compared with the induced changes,the compelled changes are easier to achieve.Fol-lowing the compelled change path,there are obvious differences in the effects of different government interventions;and economic incentives and behavioral control have a positive impact on the adoption of mechanized straw returning technology by large-scale farmers and small farmers,respectively.The above conclusion suggests that in order to alleviate the practical dilemma of mechanized straw return-ing technology being promoted but not widely,it is necessary to implement policy tools that focus on economic incentives for large-scale households and behavioral control on small farmers,so as to im-prove the effect of mandatory changes in mechanized straw returning technology on one hand;on the other hand,it is also necessary to improve the short-term economic benefits from the aspects of im-proving land conditions,strengthening technological innovation,and improving the quality of agricul-tural machinery services,so as to create conditions for the induced changes of mechanized straw re-turning as much as possible.

关 键 词：秸秆机械化还田技术 强制性变迁 成本收益 行为管制 经济激励 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]