硬质合金电火花慢走丝线切割缺陷与工艺改进  

Defects and Technological Improvement in Low Speed Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of Cemented Carbide

作　　者：刘宾 刘诗彪 杜伟 徐帅昌 Liu Bin;Liu Shibiao;Du Wei;Xu Shuaichang(Jiujiang Golden Egret Hard Material Co.,Ltd.,Jiujiang Jiangxi 332000,China;Xiamen Golden Egret Special Alloy Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]九江金鹭硬质合金有限公司,江西九江332000 [2]厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司,福建厦门361000

出　　处：《硬质合金》2023年第3期187-192,共6页Cemented Carbides

摘　　要：硬质合金电火花慢走丝线切割缺陷破坏了工件加工精度和基体完整性,导致工件降级或无法使用。本文采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)对电火花慢走丝线切割硬质合金过程中产生的褶皱线纹和凹坑的表面形貌、成分进行分析。结果表明:褶皱线纹、凹坑表面均存在大量的电蚀产物,粗糙度差,并含有较高含量的Cu、Zn元素,而Cu、Zn元素是镀锌电极丝的主要成分。褶皱线纹、凹坑均是在大电流、宽脉冲线切割过程中,合金微变形引起的电极丝线切割路径偏转所致。通过选用合适的挂台面积、采用低应力硬质合金母料、设计合理的母料排料方式等方法均能很好地改善硬质合金慢走丝线切割表面质量。The defects in low speed wire electrical discharge machining(LS-WEDM)of cemented carbide affect the machining accuracy and integrity of the carbide workpiece and make the workpiece degraded or unavailable.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)were used to analyze the surface morphology and composition of the wrinkles and pits produced in the process of LS-WEDM of cemented carbide.The results show that there are a lot of electrical corrosion products on the surface of wrinkles and pits,and the roughness is poor.At the same time,they contain a higher content of Cu and Zn elements.Cu and Zn are the main components of galvanized wires.It is proved that the wrinkles and pits are caused by the deflection of the wire cutting path generated by alloy micro-deformation in the process of high-current and wide-pulse wire cutting.The surface quality of LS-WEDM of cemented carbide can be improved by selecting the appropriate hanging platform area,using low-stress cemented carbide master batch,and designing reasonable master batch discharging methods.

关 键 词：硬质合金 慢走丝线切割 褶皱线纹 凹坑 应力 微变形 

分 类 号：TG48[金属学及工艺—焊接]