基于GNSS观测的全球赤道等离子体泡对太阳和地磁活动及季节依赖特征  

Solar and geomagnetic activity and seasonal dependence of global equatorial plasma bubbles based on GNSS observations

作　　者：赵秀宽[1,2,4] 李国主[1,3,5] 胡连欢 解海永[1,3,4,5] 孙文杰[1,3,4,5] 李怡 宁百齐[1,3] 刘立波 ZHAO XiuKuan;LI GuoZhu;HU LianHuan;XIE HaiYong;SUN WenJie;LI Yi;NING BaiQi;LIU LiBo(Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Heilongjiang Mohe National Observatory of Geophysics,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing National Observatory of Space Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Geophysics Center,National Earth System Science Data Center,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所地球与行星物理重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所黑龙江漠河地球物理国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100029 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所北京空间环境国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100029 [4]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所国家地球系统科学数据中心——地球物理分中心,北京100029 [5]中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第7期2703-2712,共10页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42020104002,42074190);中国科学院网信专项(CAS-WX2021SF-0303,CAS-WX2022SF-0103);中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(183311KYSB20200003)资助。

摘　　要：赤道等离子体泡是在磁赤道和低纬地区一种通常发生在夜间的大尺度电离层不规则结构.本文利用2010—2021年全球低纬地区GNSS TEC监测仪长期观测数据,分析了赤道等离子体泡对太阳和地磁活动及季节的依赖特征.结果表明,全球每个经度区赤道等离子体泡发生率与太阳活动都显著正相关,赤道等离子体泡的日发生率与F107指数相关系数接近0.70.经度-60°~-30°在赤道等离子体泡高发月份的日落后发生率与F107的相关关系有明显的饱和效应.在季节变化方面,经度-60°~-30°赤道等离子体泡主要发生在1—3月和10—12月,其他经度主要发生在分季.不同经度区赤道等离子体泡日落后发生率季节不对称性存在显著区别,在太阳活动上升期,经度-60°~-30°的10—12月发生率明显高于1—3月;在太阳活动下降期,0°~180°经度区3月分季高于9月分季.此外,地磁扰动对产生赤道等离子体泡主要是抑制作用,特别是在太阳活动高年、分季.Equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs)are large-scale ionospheric irregularities that typically occur at night over the magnetic equator and low latitudes.In this paper,the long-term GNSS observation data of the low-latitude regions from 2010 to 2021 are used to analyze the solar and geomagnetic activity and seasonal dependence of EPBs.The results show that the occurrence rate of EPBs in every longitude region is significantly positively correlated with solar activity,and the correlation coefficient between the daily occurrence rate of EPBs and the F107 index is close to 0.70.In the range of longitude from-60°to-30°,the correlation between the occurrence rate of post sunset EPBs and F107 has obvious saturation effect during high-occurrence months.The EPBs mainly occur in January—March and October—December of longitude from-60°to-30°,and typically occur in equinoxes over other longitudes.The seasonal asymmetry of the occurrence rate of post sunset EPBs in different longitude regions is significantly different.During the increasing phase of solar activity,the occurrence rate of EPBs in longitude-60°~-30°from October to December is much higher than that from January to March.During the decreasing phase of solar activity,the occurrence rate of EPBs in longitude 0°~180°is higher in March equinox than that in September equinox.Additionally,geomagnetic disturbances mainly suppress the EPBs,especially in the high solar activity years and equinox seasons.

关 键 词：电离层 赤道等离子体泡 季节变化 太阳活动 地磁活动 

分 类 号：P352[天文地球—空间物理学]