黄河上游水电开发与生态保护路径研究  

Path of Hydropower Development and Ecological Protection in the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：周恒[1] 牛乐[1] 李厚峰 张乃畅[1] ZHOU Heng;NIU Le;LI Hou-feng;ZHANG Nai-chang(Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi’an 710065,China;Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project Construction Co.Ltd.,Shanxi Province.,Xi’an 710004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]陕西省引汉济渭工程建设有限公司,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《海河水利》2023年第6期12-18,共7页Haihe Water Resources

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JLM-56)。

摘　　要：综述了黄河上游水电梯级开发现状和水电开发过程中主要生态环境影响,并对黄河上游生态保护现状以及国家相关保护政策条例进行梳理,分析了目前已开展的鱼类栖息地保护、过鱼设施、生态调度以及修复措施等生态保护措施,进一步研究了黄河上游水电开发与生态环境保护共存的发展路径,从水电开发与生态保护的矛盾点出发,提出水风光储能源互补一体化、加强流域环境影响评价、开展生态环境服务付费(PES)、水电梯级智慧化管控4个方面具有针对性的生态保护方案,以更好地缓解水电开发和生态环境保护的冲突、促进山水林田湖草沙生命共同体系统治理,推进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展。This study summarizes the status quo of hydropower cascade development in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the main ecological environmental impacts in the process of hydropower development,reviews the status quo of ecological protection in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and relevant national protection policies and regulations,and analyzes the ecological protection measures that have been carried out so far,such as fish habitat protection,fish crossing facilities,ecological scheduling and restoration measures.This study further studies the coexistence development path of hydropower development and ecological environmental protection in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.From the contradiction point of hydropower development and ecological protection,it puts forward four specific and targeted ecological protection schemes in the aspects of complementary integration of wate,wind and light energy storage,strengthening environmental impact assessment of the basin,carrying out payment for ecological environmental services(PES),and intelligent management and control of hydropower cascades,in order to better alleviate the conflict between hydropower development and ecological environmental protection,promote the systematic governance of mountain,water,forest,farmland,lake,grass and sand life community and promote the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.

关 键 词：黄河流域 水电开发 生态环境 生态保护路径 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]