低鱼粉饲料中黑水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉对合方鲫生长性能、消化能力、血浆生化指标及相关基因表达的影响  

REPLACING FISH MEAL WITH HERMETIA ILLUCENS LARVAE MEAL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE,DIGESTIVE CAPACITY,PLASMA BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES AND RELATED GENES EXPRESSION IN HEFANG CRUCIAN CARP

作　　者：肖扬波 曹申平 敖青 黄康 莫郁坚 张欣然 郑欣怡 童晓念 毛庄文 樊均德 刘臻[1] 唐建洲[1] XIAO Yang-Bo;CAO Shen-Ping;AO Qing;HUANG Kang;MO Yu-Jian;ZHANG Xin-Ran;ZHENG Xin-Yi;TONG Xiao-Nian;MAO Zhuang-Wen;FAN Jun-De;LIU Zhen;TANG Jian-Zhou(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals,Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha 410022,China;Yueyang Yumeikang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Yueyang 414100,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙学院生物与化学工程学院,水生动物营养与品质调控湖南省重点实验室,长沙410022 [2]岳阳渔美康生物科技有限公司,岳阳414100

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第9期1363-1373,共11页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省水产产业技术体系岗位专家项目资助。

摘　　要：实验以合方鲫2号幼鱼(31.50±0.50)g为实验对象,研究黑水虻幼虫粉(HM)替代饲料鱼粉(0、20%、40%、60%和80%)对合方鲫生长性能、饲料利用、消化能力、血浆生化指标及相关基因表达的影响。实验设计5组等氮(30%)等能(18.50 MJ/kg)等脂(6%)饲料,每组3次重复,每个重复25尾鱼,养殖时间74d。结果表明:增重率和特定生长率随饲料HM含量的升高呈现先升高后降低趋势,且在替代水平为20%时最大;饲料系数呈先降低后升高的趋势,20%替代组显著小于60%和80%替代组(P<0.05)。肥满度和脏体比均呈现先升高后降低趋势,且均在40%替代组最大;80%替代组肝体比显著高于0、20%和60%替代组(P<0.05),但与40%替代组无显著差异。全鱼水分和灰分无显著变化;20%和60%替代组粗蛋白显著低于0组(P<0.05);粗脂肪呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,在20%替代组达到最大值。血浆葡萄糖、总胆固醇含量及谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性无显著差异;血氨含量呈上升趋势,80%替代组显著高于0组;20%替代组血浆总氨基酸含量显著高于其他各处理组(P<0.05);60%和80%替代组血浆丙二醛含量显著低于20%替代组(P<0.05)。20%替代组肠道中lat2、pept1和cdx2基因的表达量均高于其他各处理组,asct2基因表达水平则在替代水平为40%时最大;肝脏中tor和igf1基因表达量均在40%替代组最大,gh和ghr基因表达水平则均在替代水平为60%时最高。黑水虻幼虫粉替代饲料中鱼粉的0—40%不影响合方鲫的生长,且在20%替代水平时可获得最大生长速率。To investigate the effects of dietary replacement fishmeal protein with Hermetia illucens larvae meal(HM)on growth performance,digestive capacity,plasma biochemical indexes and related genes expression in Hefang crucian carp(Carassis auratus),five isonitrogenous(30%),isolipidic(6%)and isoenergetic(18.50 MJ/kg)diets were formulated to contain graded levels of fishmeal protein replacement by HM(0,20%,40%,60%and 80%respectively)for a 74-day feeding trial.Each treatment was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 25 fish[initial body weight of(31.50±0.50)g]per aquarium.Fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation.Results showed that the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)first increased and then decreased with the increased proportion of HM in diets,with a maximum in the 20%substitution group.Feed conversion ratio(FCR)showed an initial decrease followed by an increase,and the 20%substitution group was significantly less than 60%and 80%substitution groups(P<0.05).With the increased proportion of HM in diets,condition factor(CF)and viscerosomatic index(VSI)first increased and then decreased,with a maximum in the 40%substitution group.The hepatopancreas somatic index(HSI)of 80%substitution group was significantly higher than those in 0,20%and 60%substitution groups(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between 40%and 80%substitution group.The moisture and ash of fish body expressed no significant difference.However,crude protein of body in 20%and 60%substitution group was significantly lower than that in 0 group(P<0.05).Crude lipid of body showed an initial increase followed by a decrease,and the highest value was seen in 20%substitution group.There was no significant difference in plasma glucose concentration,total cholesterol concentration,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity,but blood ammonia content showed an upward trend,the blood ammonia of 80%substitution group was significantly higher than that of 0 substitution group.Total plasma amino acid in the 20%su

关 键 词：黑水虻幼虫粉 低鱼粉饲料 生长性能 基因表达 合方鲫 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]