大口黑鲈微卫星多重PCR体系及3个群体的遗传分析  

MULTIPLEX PCR SETS OF MICROSATELLITES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN GENETIC ANALYSES FOR THREE POPULATIONS OF LARGEMOUTH BASS(MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES)

作　　者：傅建军[1] 龚雅婷 朱文彬[1] 强俊[1] 张林兵 王兰梅[1] 罗明坤 董在杰[1,2] FU Jian-Jun;GONG Ya-Ting;ZHU Wen-Bin;QIANG Jun;ZHANG Lin-Bing;WANG Lan-Mei;LUO Ming-Kun;DONG Zai-Jie(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Freshwater Fisheries Research Center,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuxi 214081,China;Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214128,China;Zhanglin Fisheries Company,Tongling 244100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,无锡214081 [2]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,无锡214128 [3]安徽张林渔业有限公司,铜陵244100

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2023年第9期1514-1522,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：江苏省种业振兴“揭榜挂帅”项目(JBGS[2021]130);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46);苏州市科技计划项目(SNG2021009)资助。

摘　　要：为开展大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)种质评估和遗传分析提供便捷的研究手段,试验筛选了扩增效果好、具有多态性的18个微卫星位点,构建了6组3重PCR体系。随后将多重PCR体系应用于大口黑鲈3个群体(美国群体USA、“优鲈1号”YLO和杂交子代HYB)的遗传分析。结果显示,各位点的等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)和多态性信息含量(PIC)分别介于3—14、1.622—5.841、0.333—0.806、0.385—0.833和0.361—0.810,其均值分别为7.722、3.056、0.577、0.626和0.579。剔除2个偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡位点的分析显示,YLO的遗传多样性水平最低,HYB的平均观测杂合度最高(Ho=0.743),其余多态性指标均在USA中呈现最高值。USA与YLO间的Nei’s遗传距离最远(0.362),HYB与USA和YLO间的Nei’s遗传距离分别为0.112和0.179。两两群体间均存在极显著的遗传分化(P<0.01),其中USA与YLO间遗传分化水平最高(FST=0.209)。基于等位基因频率的遗传结构分析结果显示,USA和YLO具有相对独立的遗传结构,而HYB呈现出不同的遗传来源。主成分判别分析的散点图显示,不同群体来源的个体能获得较有效区分,HYB分布介于USA和YLO的区域之间。研究表明,试验构建的微卫星多重PCR体系,涉及位点具有较高多态性,并能有效应用于大口黑鲈的群体遗传分析,可为其遗传育种研究提供技术支持。Largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides)has been introduced approximately for forty years,and it becomes an economically important cultured fish in China.However,there is a lack of natural population supply in breeding and a risk of genetic degradation in the utilization progress.The imbalance between large industrial demand and shortage of improved varieties of M.salmoides are arisen in China.Genetic evolution is the baseline for genetic improvement and selection breeding programs.The microsatellites with multiplex PCR method is popularity applied for genetic analyses in fish species.In this study,we developed six multiplex PCR panels based on 18 polymorphic microsatellites,and subsequently used in genetic analyses for three populations of M.salmoides,i.e.,original population of American(USA),“Youlu No.1”variety(YLO),and their hybrid population(HYB).The results showed that,the parameters of number of alleles(Na),effective number of alleles(Ne),observed heterozygosity(Ho),expected heterozygosity(He)and polymorphism information content(PIC)for 18 loci were ranged from 3 to 14,1.622 to 5.841,0.333 to 0.806,0.361 to 0.810,mean with 7.722,3.056,0.577 and 0.579,respectively.Excluding two loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,the lowest values of all diversity parameters were observed in YLO,while the highest Ho was detected in HYB(0.743),and the highest values of other diversity parameters were detected in USA.The farthest Nei’s genetic distance was evaluated between USA and YLO(0.362);meanwhile,similar Nei’s genetic distances were evaluated between HYB with other two populations(i.e.,0.112 and 0.179 for USA and YLO,respectively).Extremely significant genetic differentiations were revealed among all pairwise populations(P<0.01),and the highest fixation index was detected between USA and YLO(FST=0.209).According to the genetic structure analysis based on the allele frequency,relatively independent genetic structures were presented within USA and YLO,while admixture in genetic structure was generally showe

关 键 词：微卫星 多重PCR 遗传分析 大口黑鲈 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]