富硒籼稻种质资源表型性状综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Traits of Selenium Rich Indica Rice Germplasm Resources

作　　者：黄维 刘召亮 王道波 刘红梅[1] 徐庆国[1] Huang Wei;Liu Zhaoliang;Wang Daobo;Liu Hongmei;Xu Qingguo(Hunan Agricultural University,College of Agriculture,Changsha,410125;Yulin Normal University,Agricultural College,Yulin,537000)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410125 [2]玉林师范学院农学院,玉林537000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第13期4444-4456,共13页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AD19245169);玉林市科技计划项目(玉市科2020-40)共同资助。

摘　　要：硒是人体必需的微量元素,富硒水稻是人类主要的富硒食物,但目前选育的富硒水稻品种极少。本研究筛选出61份富硒籼稻品种,综合应用遗传多样性、主成分分析等方法对其表型性状进行综合评价。结果表明,富硒水稻品种表型性状具有丰富的多样性,质量性状中稻瘟病抗性指数的遗传多样性指数最大,数量性状中有效穗数遗传多样性指数最高。相关分析表明,产量与株高、穗长、每穗总粒数和千粒重显著正相关,与有效穗数显著负相关;水稻籽粒硒含量与直链淀粉含量呈显著负相关。聚类分析可将材料分为4大类群,类群1植株矮、穗短、产量低;类群2含硒高、千粒重大;类群3穗长长、穗粒数高、产量高;类群4胶稠度低、千粒重大。主成分分析表明,13个数量性状提取出5个主成分,分别体现产量和农艺性状综合指标、品质指标、籽粒硒含量指标、穗部特征指标、整精米率指标。整合评价表明,高F值的富硒水稻品种具有产量高等特征。富硒水稻种质资源的遗传多样性丰富,采用多元统计分析方法综合评价富硒水稻种质资源是可行的,本研究结果可为富硒水稻种质资源的保护和利用提供科学依据。Selenium is an essential trace element for humans,and selenium-rich rice is the main selenium-rich food in the daily life of people.However,only a few selenium-rich rice species have been bred to date.In this research the germplasm resources of selenium-rich rice varieties are comprehensively evaluated with correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis,and multiple linear regression based on the screening of 61 selenium rich rice varieties.The results show that the phenotypic traits of selenium-rich rice varieties are rich in diversity,and the genetic diversity index of rice blast resistance index is the largest among the quality traits,and the genetic diversity index of effective spike number is the highest among the quantitative traits.The correlation analysis shows that the rice yield is significantly positively correlated with the plant height,spike length,total grains per spike and 1000-grain weight,but is negatively correlated with the effective spike number;meanwhile,there was a significant negative correlation between selenium content in grains and amylose content in rice.Cluster analysis classifies the material into four major groups,with group 1 exhibiting short plants,short spikes,and low yields;group 2 is high in selenium and heavy in 1000-grain weight;group 3 has long spike length,high grains per spike and grain yield;group 4 has low gel consistency and heavy 1000-grain weight.Principal component analysis shows that there are 5 principal components out of 13 can be extracted to represent the comprehensive indicators such as yield traits,quality marks,selenium contents in rice grains,spike feature index and the head milled rice rate.The integration evaluation displays that the materials with high F values shows positive agronomic and grain characteristics.The genetic diversity of the selenium-rich rice is rich,and a comprehensive evaluation of the germplasm resources using multivariate statistical analysis provides a scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of seleniu

关 键 词：富硒水稻 遗传多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S511.21[农业科学—作物学]